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BIO: Genetics

TermDefinition
Allele One of two or more alternative forms of a gene
Co-dominant alleles When both alleles are dominant for a trait
Crossing over Homologous chromosomes exchange genetic material during meiosis
Diploid Cell contains two complete sets of chromosomes
Codon A set of 3 nitrogen bases that code for a particular amino acid
Haploid A cell that contains a single set of chromosomes
Genetic engineering The process of directly altering an organism's DNA to modify its traits
Genotype An organism's specific set of genes
Gamete Another name for an organism’s sex cells
Dominant The trait seen
Mutation Any change in an organism’s DNA
Homozygous An individual inheriting the same version (allele) of a gene from both parents
Law of segregation The two alleles for a trait separate
Law of independent assortment The alleles for different genes assort independently of one another during gamete formation
Heterozygous An individual inheriting different versions (alleles) of a gene from both parents
Sex-linked traits Traits carried on an organism’s sex chromosomes
Phenotype The outward appearance of an organism
Transcription The process of making a copy of mRNA from DNA
Recessive Must have 2 copies to be observable
Translation The process of making proteins from the information carried by mRNA
Created by: SciFurr
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