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Unit 1A Vocabulary
Vocabulary words
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| properties | a characteristic of a substance or object that can be observed or measured |
| tarnish | lose or cause to lose luster or color, especially as a result of exposure to air or moisture |
| classify | arrange (a group of people or things) in classes or categories according to shared qualities or characteristics. |
| substance | particular kind of matter with uniform properties. |
| compound | made up or consisting of two or more existing parts or elements. |
| element | a pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means |
| molecule | a group of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds |
| chemical symbol | used to represent the elements |
| chemical formula | a shorthand way to represent the elements and their proportions within a compound, using chemical symbols and subscripts |
| formation | the process of something coming into existence or a structured arrangement of things |
| represent | to stand for |
| atom | The smallest part of a substance that cannot be broken down chemically |
| physical change | a change in properties, like shape, size, or state of matter, but not its chemical identity. |
| chemical change | a change in matter in which one or more new substances form. |
| transformation | change |
| solvent | the part of the solution that dissolves other substances. |
| solute | the part of a solution dissolved by the solvent. |
| concentration | how much of the solute is dissolved in a given amount of the solvent. |
| rate of dissolution | the speed at which a solute dissolves in a solvent. |
| dilution | the act of decreasing the concentration of a solution. |
| aqueous solution | a homogenous mixture where substances are uniformly mixed with water. |
| uniform | the substances are spread out evenly throughout a mixture. |
| homogenous mixture | a mixture that has the same composition throughout, regardless of whether it is a solid, liquid, or gas (uniform) |
| heterogenous mixture | a mixture of two or more substances that are not chemically combined and have a non-uniform composition. |
| temperature | a measure of the average kinetic energy of its particles. |
| thermal energy | the sum of the total energies of all the particles that make up the object. |
| conduction | The transfer of thermal energy by direct contact of two objects or portions of matter |
| convection | a type of thermal energy transfer in which currents carry thermal energy from one part of the fluid to another. |
| radiation | Thermal energy can also be transferred by electromagnetic waves, which do not need matter to transfer energy. |
| thermal equilibrium | As soon as objects in contact reach the same temperature, the flow of thermal energy between them stops. They reach a state of balance. |
| thermal conductors | Thermal energy can easily move through certain substances. |
| thermal insulators | Substances that thermal energy cannot move through. |
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