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Maternity Exam 4
Review for Exam 4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Done to determine fetal well being | Fetal Activity (kick) Counts and Nonstress Test |
| The newborn of a mother with diabetes is at risk for developing | hypoglycemia |
| Newborn complications related to maternal diabetes | hypoglycemia, shoulder dystocia and birth trauma, delayed lung maturity (reduced surfactant production) |
| RhoGAM or Rho(D) | administered to the Rh- woman within 72 hours of spontaneous abortion, birth, or invasive procedure, such as amniocentesis |
| S&S of Ectopic | pelvic pain and spotting, usually appear 6-8 weeks after LMP |
| Threatened AB | Vaginal bleeding or spotting; no cervical dilation, symptoms may resolve and the pregnancy may continue to term |
| Inevitable AB | cramping and spotting or vaginal bleeding with cervical dilation, will lead to miscarriage |
| Incomplete AB | Some, but not all, of the products of conception are expelled |
| Complete AB | All of the products of conception are expelled |
| Missed AB | The fetus dies, but remains in utero |
| Habitual AB | The loss of three or more consecutive pregnancies before the fetus is viable |
| Benign growth of placental tissue that can develop into gestational trophoblastic neoplasia within 6 months to 1 year | Molar Pregnancy/ hydatiform mole |
| Most common sign of molar pregnancy | uterus measures larger than expected |
| Painless, bright red bleeding during pregnancy due to an abnormally implanted placenta that is too close to or covers the cervix; bleeding usually stops spontaneously | Placenta Previa |
| Painful, dark red bleeding caused by the premature separation of the placenta from the wall of the uterus at any time before the end of labor | Placental Abruption |
| BP >140 or >90 in a woman with normal BP and is accompanied by proteinuria - develops after 20 weeks | Preeclampsia |
| Seizures or coma in a woman with Preeclampsia; may occur gradually or suddenly without warning | Eclampsia |
| S&S Pre/Eclampsia | High BP, proteinuria, hyperactive deep tendon reflexes, large weight increase over short time period, severe HA, clonus, visual disturbances, nausea, and epigastric pain |
| Interventions Pre/Eclampsia | maintain bed rest in a side-lying position; monitor neurologic status, blood pressure, urinary output, and daily weights; monitoring the fetus |
| Magnesium Sulfate | relaxes skeletal muscles and is a CNS depressant, reduces risk of seizures - drug of choice for Pre/Eclampsia |
| Magnesium Toxicity | too much Mg - S&S: increased Mg levels, decreased urinary output, diminished deep tendon reflexes, decreased respirations, decreased heart rate, pulmonary edema |
| Calcium gluconate | antidote for Mg toxicity; given IV push |
| PROM - premature rupture of membranes | spontaneous rupture of the amniotic sac before the onset of labor in a full-term fetus |
| PPROM - preterm premature rupture of membranes | PROM in a pregnancy that is less than 37 weeks gestation |
| Tx for PROM | may induce labor or use a watchful approach if no s&s of infection |
| TX for PPROM | steroids given to mom to mature fetal lungs; tocolytics given long enough for steroids to be given |
| Occurs when the fetal head is born but the shoulders fail to deliver | Shoulder dystocia |
| Interventions for Shoulder Dystocia | McRoberts maneuver and suprapubic pressure |
| Infection of the uterine lining, most common pospartal infection, occurs more frequently after c-section (prophylactic antibiotics) | Endometritis |
| S&S Endometiritis | fever >100.4, uterine tenderness, tachycardia that increases as fever increases, malaise, midline lower abdominal/pelvic pain, cramping, foul smelling lochia |
| Cystitis | bladder infection - frequency, urgency, burning and pain with urination, low grade fever, cloudy/discolored urine, WBC in urine |
| Pyelonephritis | kidney infection - burning, pain, frequency, high/spiking fever that rises and falls abruptly, hematuria, chills, n/v, flank pain and tenderness |
| Pulmonary Embolism (PE) | piece of DVT - sudden onset of dyspnea, chest pain, impending sense of severe doom, tachypnea, tachycardia, hypotension, hemoptysis, abdominal pain, cyanosis, change in LOC - report immediately |
| PE Interventions | raise HOB to 45 degrees, stay with woman, notify RN and provider, O2 via facemask, continuous EKG monitoring with pox, anticoagulants, move to ICU |
| A mental health emergency in which the woman is unable to care for her infant and may harm herself of the infant | Postpartum Psychosis |
| S&S Postpartum Psychosis | mimics sever bipolar with symptoms of mania, depression, confusion, abnormal behavior, agitation, insomnia, hallucinations, and delusions; sudden onset and occurs within 2 weeks |
| LGA | Large for gestational age - weight, length, or head >90% - maternal diabetes contributing factor |
| SGA | Small for gestational age - weight, length, or head <10% - possible placental insufficency |
| Preterm | born before 37 weeks |
| Post term | born after 42 weeks |
| Term | born between 37 and 42 weeks |
| Post term newborn | little lanugo or vernix remaining, wide eyed, hyperalert, long nails, skin is dry/cracked/peeling, wrinkled, little subcutaneous fat, appears long and thin - greatest risk is hypoglycemia |
| TTN | Transient tachypnea of the newborn - mild respiratory distress that occurs within a few hours after birth and usually resolves by day 3 - caused by delayed absorption of fetal lung fluid |
| S&S TTN | RR >60, grunting, retractions, nasal flaring, difficulty feeding due to tachypnea |
| Tx TTN | O2, NPO - gavage feeding or IVF until tachypnea resolves |
| Spina bifida with myelomeningocele | both the spinal cord and spinal meninges protrude - must maintain integrity of the sac |
| Noncommunicating hydrocephalus | occurs when there is an obstruction in the circulation of CSF |
| Communicating hydrocehpalus | absorption of CSF is defective |
| Ventricular Septal Defect S&S | loud harsh murmur, may have history of frequent respiratory infections, corrected by surgery |
| Retinopathy | potential vision complication of preterm infants |
| Turner Syndrome | only affects females - one less x chromosome - treated with growth hormone and estrogen |
| Labor Dystocia | abnormally slow progression of labor related to a malfunction in one or more of the 4 Ps |
| Hyperemesis gravidurm | severe n/v that results in weight loss, nutrient deficiencies, dehydration, and electrolyte imbalance |
| Occurs when the opening of the urethra is on the dorsal (top) surface of the penis | Epispadias |
Created by:
lmcgu335
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