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Evolution Intro

QuestionAnswer
said evolution is due to natural selection & inherited traits passed down to offspring Charles Darwin
said law of "use & disuse" ; acquired traits gained during lifetime is passed down to offspring Lamarck
nature [environmental conditions] choose who survives and lives to reproduce natural selection
ability to survive and reproduce fitness
any helpful trait that gives an organism better fitness than others adaptation
where Darwin visited to do his research on evolution Galapagos Islands
selection where 1 gender (usually females) do the choosing sexual selection
selection where humans do the choosing ; control the breeding of other species artificial selection
type of natural selection that favors 1 of the extreme phenotypes directional selection
"type" that is physical appearance / visible traits phenotype
"type" that is genetic makeup ex. DNA, RNA genotype
differences in phenotypes within the population variation
type of natural selection that favors BOTH extreme phenotype disruptive selection
type of natural selection that favors the middle/intermediate phenotype stabilizing selection
genetic change over time evolution
evolution of 2 species due to a close relationship between them Co-evolution
evolution to become DIFFERENT despite having a common ancestor Divergent evolution
evolution to be SIMILAR despite NOT being related Convergent evolution
are structure(s) that show being related (sharing a common ancestor) homologous and vestigial structures
structures that a similar in function but not related analogous structure
best evidence of evolution and being related biochemistry (DNA)
fossils used to estimate the age of nearby fossils in the rock layer index fossils
a more accurate way to tell the age of fossils (uses half lives of decaying isotopes) radiometric dating
the loss of many species at 1 time (world wide disaster) mass extinction
the loss of 1 species (failed to adapt) background extinction
2 main ways to have genetic variation mutations and recombination
"effect" caused by loss of alleles when a disaster hits & few survive [type of genetic drift] bottleneck effect
"effect" caused when few individuals leave population to start a new population [type of genetic drift] founder effect
population size most affected by genetic drift small size
population size least affected by genetic drift large size
Created by: cadetjt
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