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macro-carbohydrate

ap bio unit one powerpoint 3

TermDefinition
carbohydrates -sugars and polymers of sugars -monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides
monosaccharides -simple sugars -multiple CH2O -most common in glucose as nutrients and fuel for cells -cellular respiration -building blocks for amino acids -monomers for disaccharides and polysaccharides
disaccharides -two monosaccharides joined by covalent bonds -sucrose most common -monosaccharides are glucose and fructose -plants transfer carbs from roots to leaves in sucrose
polysaccharides -polymer with many sugars joined by dehydration reaction -storage and structural polysaccharides
storage polysaccharides -starch -glycogen
structural polysaccharides -cellulose forms cell walls in plants -chitin forms exoskeleton of bugs/anthropods
elements in carbohydrates -Carbon -Hydrogen -Oxygen
functional groups -one carbonyl (C=O) -many hydroxyl (OH)
monomer of carbohydrates -monosaccharide
polymer of carbohydrates -polysaccharide
starch -storage polysaccharide in plants
glycogen -storage polysaccharide in animals -stored in liver and muscle cells
Created by: 26salisburb
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