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ESET 350
ESET 350 - Chapter 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| hole | the absence of an electron in the valence band of an atom |
| minority carrier | the least numerous charge carrier in a doped semiconductive material ( free electrons or holes) |
| ionization | the removal or addition of an electron from or to a neutral atom so that the resulting atom is positively or negatively charged |
| semiconductor | a material that lies between conductors and insulators in its conductive properties |
| nucleus | the central part of an atom containing protons and neutrons |
| covalent bond | a bond between atoms created by the sharing of valence electrons |
| doping | the process of imparting impurities to an intrinsic semiconductive material in order to control its conduction characteristics |
| protons | the basic particle of positive charge |
| current | the rate of flow of electrical charge |
| conductor | a material that conducts electrical current very well |
| band gap | the difference between energy levels in an atom |
| electrons | the basic particle of negative charge |
| gain | the amount by which an electrical signal is increased or amplified |
| electron-hole pair | the conduction electron and the hole created when the electron leaves the valence bond |
| free electron | an electron that has gained enough energy to break away from the valence band of the parent band; also called a conduction atom |
| recombination | the process of free (conduction band) electrons falling into a hole in the valence band of an atom |
| shells | an energy band in which electrons orbit the nucleus of an atom |
| pentavalent | describes an atom with five valence electrons |
| trivalent | describes an atom with three valence electrons |
| source | one of the three terminals of a FET (field affect transistors) analogous to the emitter of a BJT (bipolar junction transistors) |
| photon | a particle of light energy |
| valence | related to the outer shell of an atom |
| core | the central part of an atom, includes the nucleus and all but the valence electrons |
| covalent | relating to the bonding of two or more atoms by the interaction of their valence electrons |
| conduction electron | a free electron |
| atom | the smallest particle of an element that possesses the unique characteristics of that element |
| transistor | a semiconductive device used for amplification and switching applications |
| intrinsic | the pure or natural state of a material |
| germanium | a semiconductive material |
| order | the number of poles in a filter |
| depletion | In a MOSFET, the process of removing or depleting the channel of charge carriers and thus decreasing the channel conductivity |
| orbit | the path an electron takes as it circles around the nucleus of an atom |
| electron cloud | in the quantum cloud, the area around an atoms nucleus where an electron can probably be found |
| majority carrier | the most numerous charge carrier doped in a semiconductive material (either free electrons or holes) |
| stability | a measure of how well an amplifier maintains its design values over changes in beta and temperature |
| silicon | a semiconductive material |
| insulator | a material that does not conduct current |
| neutron | an uncharged particle found in the nucleus of an atom |
| atomic number | the number of protons in an atom |
| breakdown | the phenomenon of a sudden and drastic increase when a certain voltage is reached in a device |
| metallic bond | a type of chemical bond found in metal solids in which fixed positive ion cores are held together in a lattice by mobile electrons |
| orbitals | subshell in the quantum model of an atom |
| wavelength | the distance in space occupied by one cycle of an electromagnetic or light wave |
| barrier potentials | the amount of energy required to produce full conduction across the pn junction in forward bias |
| crystal | a solid structure that is a 3d symmetrical arrangement of atoms |
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