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Bio.1 Ecology Tesrt
Bio.1 Ecology Test- SC standards
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Define Ecology | The study for interactions between organisms and their environment |
| Whats the difference between Abiotic factors vs Biotic factors? | Abiotic is non-living factors and Biotic is living factors |
| What are the decomposers role in their ecosystems? | They break down organic matter and put the nutrients back into the soil? |
| Intraspecific competition vs Interspecific competition | Intra- is the same species competing----- Inter- is different species |
| What are the 4 spheres of the Earth? | Atmosphere, Lithosphere, Hydrosphere, and Biosphere |
| Define sysmbiosis | two species living together peacefully |
| Define species | a group of the same kind of organisms that produce fertile offspring |
| Define population | a group of species in a n area |
| Define community | Dif. pop. living in the same area |
| Food chains vs Food webs | Food chains- one direct line of a food web Food web--- is all the possible connections between animals |
| Define trophic levels | Levels of a food chain |
| Put biosphere, ecosystems, pop., species, and community in order from largest to smallest | Biosphere--Ecosystem--Community--Population--Species |
| Define ecosystem | a community and the environment interactions |
| Define biosphere | the part of earth inhabited |
| Define Habitat | where the species live |
| Define Biomes | regions of earth (tundra, desert) |
| What are some density independent limiting factors? | Weather, water supply, natural disasters |
| What % of energy is lost between levels? | 10% |
| Why is there only 3 trophic levels? | There isn't enough energy to sustain the trophic levels |
| What is the dif. between nutrients and energy? | Nutrients can be recycled, energy can not |
| Define biomagnification | Correlation gets bigger in the chain |
| Define bioaccumulation | build up of chemicals in organisms |
| Why is 90% of energy lost between levels? | Not consumed, feces, cellular respiration, heat |
| What's the difference between habitat and niche? | Habitat-where the organism lives Niche-role in ecosystem |
| What's the difference between fundamental and realized niche? | Fundamental niche- perfect conditions without limitations Realized niche- real word with limiting factors |
| Define competitive exclusion | No two species can have the same niche: one species has an advantage and out competes the other species |
| Define niche partioning | A niche is shared between species, ex. warblers share the trees, mice |
| Define keystone species | a key part to the ecosystems, without them the ecosystem crashes |
| What are examples of symbiotic relationships? | Mutualism and commensalism |
| Whats the difference between mutualism and commensalism? | Mutualism-mutual benefit Commensalism- one benefits the other isn't affected |
| Define pop. dynamics | How the # of animals in a pop. change over time |
| Define density independent factors and examples | Density independent--doesn't depend on the population Ex.- weather, water supply, natural disasters |
| Define density dependent factors and examples | Density dependent-depends on the density of a pop. Ex.--predation, parasitism, competition, disease |
| what is a expected sudden growth called on a graph? | J-curve |
| What is a growth in a pop. that plateaus? | S-Curve |
| What is a carrying capacity? | How much can a pop. be supported before a decline |
| What are two different decomposers | Detritivores and saprotrophs |
| Whats the differences between Detritivores and saprotrophs? | Detritivores digest---saprotrophs releases enzymes |
| What it is called when a pop. exceeds the carrying capacity? | overshoot and dieback |
| What are the 3 types of energy pryamids? | biomass, Energy, and numbers |
| What are some carbon sinks? | Organisms, forests, ocean, soils, fossil fuels |
| Define ocean acidification | The ocean pH lowers due to increase of carbon assumption, take away hydrogen so shells can't make good shells |
| Define ocean uptake | Conversion of Co2 by marine animals to organic matter through photosynthesis |
| Define carbon fixation | Convert co2 to glucose(photsynthesis) |
| Define carbon reservoir | l |
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