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Bio test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| ______ is the study of life and ______ is the basic unit of life. | Biology; the cell |
| Single celled organisms are called __________. | Unicellular |
| Single celled organisms that live together but are not dependent on one another are called ____________. | Colonial |
| Organisms composed of many cells and the cells work together to perform tasks are called __________________. | Multicellular |
| Cells of all living organisms are alike in what two ways? | They are surrounded by a membrane. They contain genetic information in the form of DNA or RNA. |
| If offspring are produced by only one parent, it is known as _______ reproduction. | Asexual |
| If offspring are produced by two parents, it is known as _______ reproduction. | Sexual |
| Some organisms are more “fit” for their environment than others. Those organisms with favorable characteristics making them well suited for their environment are more likely to survive, reproduce, and pass these traits to their offspring. is known as? | Natural Selection |
| List the steps of the scientific method. | Observation / Ask a Question Form a Hypothesis Design a Controlled Experiment Record and Analyze Data Draw Conclusions |
| A possible explanation to a question or problem that has not yet been tested. | Hypothesis |
| The ___________ group shows the effect of the one variable that is being tested. | Experimental Group |
| The ___________ group is exactly the same as the above group, except that the variable being tested is omitted. | Control Group |
| In an experiment, the _________ variable is deliberately changed during the experiment. | Independent |
| The ____________ variable is observed during the experiment and is the data we collect during the experiment. | Dependent |
| A _________ is formed after the hypothesis has been thoroughly tested and is supported by much evidence. | Theory |
| Name two ways that data may be organized and presented. | Data table, graphs |
| The type of data that are numbers and are obtained by counting or measuring | Quantitative |
| The type of data that are descriptions. | Qualitative |
| Which type of graph would be used to show changes over time? | Line Graph |
| Which type of graph would be useful for showing comparisons of data collected by counting, rather than by measuring? | Bar graph |
| The __________ variable is the one being manipulated or changed during the experiment. It is always placed on the ____ axis. | Independent; x-axis |
| The __________ variable is the observed result of the above variable being changed. It is always placed on the _____ axis. | Dependent; y-axis |
| The idea that life can only arise from pre-existing life is known as __________. | Biogenesis |
| The idea that life can arise from non-living matter is known as ___________. | Spontaneous Generation |
| Which scientist tried to disprove spontaneous generation by placing the cloth over the jars of meat? | Redi |
| Which scientist tried to disprove spontaneous generation by boiling the broth, but failed because he sealed the flask? | Spallanzani |
| Which scientist finally disproved spontaneous generation once and for all? | Pasteur |
| List as many characteristics of life as you can. | Living things are made up of units called cells. Living things reproduce. Living things are based on a universal genetic code called DNA. Living things grow and develop. Living things obtain and use materials and energy. |
| The stable internal environment that a cell maintains in respect to its external environment is known as ______? | Homeostasis |
| Plants are able to make their own food by harnessing the energy from the _____ in the process called ____________. | Sun; photosynthesis |
| Animals eat these plants, and in return, give off _____ that is needed by the plants. | Carbon dioxide |
| Two knobs are used to focus the microscope. The _______ knob moves the stage up and down very rapidly. The _______ knob moves the stage up and down very slowly. | Coarse adjustment Fine adjustment |
| A ________ microscope has two sets of lenses. b) The two sets of lenses are: | Compound microscope Ocular and Objectives |
| How do you find the total magnification when using a particular lens? | Ocular x Objective |
| This part of the microscope regulates how much light hits the slide. | Diaphragm |
| Light microscopes are limited by their ability to _________ which is a measure of the clarity or sharpness of the image. | Resolve (resolution) |
| When measuring a specimen under the microscope, it is important to remember that the diameter of the field of view with the 10x objective is ______ and with the 40x objective is _______. | 1500 μ (10x) 375μ (40x) |
| Organisms that are capable of making their own food are called ______. | Autotrophs |
| Organisms that cannot make their own food are called ___________. | Heterotrophs |
| The advantage of using the electron microscope is _____? | It can magnify a specimen up to 200,000 times. |
| A group of cells that work together to perform a similar function is called a _______. | Tissue |
| The study of the interaction of living organisms with one another and with their environment is called ____. | Ecology |
| I am a Dutch spectacle maker. I built the first, very primitive microscope. Who am I? | Zacharias Janssen |
| I lived in a monastery. I looked at cork under the microscope. I was the first to use the word “cell.” Who am I? | Robert Hooke |
| I built over 240 different microscopes. I was very good at grinding lenses. Some of my lenses could magnify up to 300x! I was the first to see and describe microorganisms under the microscope. Who am I? | Anton van Leeuwenhoek |
| What is the difference between a simple and a compound microscope? | A simple microscope has only one lens. A compound microscope has two sets of lenses. |
| Leeuwenhoek is often referred to as “The Father of Microscopy”. What earned him this title? | He was very good at grinding and polishing lenses and achieved a magnification of 300x. He was the first to see and described microorganisms using a microscope. |
| In a compound microscope, what are the two sets of lenses called? | Ocular and Objectives |
| This part of the microscope allows the user to change from one objective to a more powerful objective. | Rotating nosepiece |
| Where is the slide placed on the microscope? What holds the slide in place? | The slide is placed on the stage and secured by the stage clips. |
| What part of the microscope regulates how much light hits the slide? | Diaphragm |
| There are two ways to focus the microscope. Name these two parts of the microscope and describe their function. | Coarse Adjustment Knob: Moves the stage up and down very rapidly. Fine Adjustment Knob: Moves the stage up and down very slowly to fine tune the image. |
| What two things does a microscope do to allow the user to clearly see a microscopic specimen? | Magnification and Resolution |
| What is magnification? | A measure of how much the image has been enlarged. |
| What is resolution? | A measure of the clarity of an image. |
| How is the magnification determined? | (Ocular) (Objective) Multiple the power of the ocular by the power of the objective. |
| What is the difference between a light microscope and an electron microscope? | Light Microscope: Light passes through one or more lenses to produce an enlarged image. Electron Microscope: Forms an image using a beam of electrons projected to a photographic plate. |
| We are in the lab. You have just put a slide on the stage. Which objective should be in place? | The 4x objective |
| Why should you never use the coarse adjustment knob with the 40x (high power) objective? | The coarse adjustment knob moves the stage up and down too much. Raising the stage too high could cause the stage to hit the lens, causing damage to the lens. |
| List the steps in making a wet mount slide. | Get a clean, dry slide. Put specimen in center of slide. Add a drop of water to the slide. Hold coverslip at 45 degree angle over specimen, resting one edge on the slide. Gently drop the coverslip into place. |
| What happens to the size of the field of view as you move to a higher power objective? | The field of view gets smaller. |
| When using a light microscope, what happens to the image as the magnification approaches 2000x? | The microscope can no longer resolve the image and it becomes blurry. |
| What unit of measurement is used to measure objects under the microscope? What is the size of this unit? | Micrometers 1 micrometer = .000001 m or 1/25,000th of an inch. |
| What is the diameter of the field of view when using the 10 objective? The 40x objective? | 10x objective: The diameter is 1500 μm 40x objective: The diameter is 375 μm. |
| What is the advantage of using an electron microscope? | Magnification up to 200,000 times |
| What is the disadvantage of using an electron microscope? | Livings cells / organisms cannot be viewed with the electron microscope. |
| What is the limiting factor when using a light microscope? | As the magnification increases, the microscope is unable to resolve the image as well. The image will become blurry the more it is magnified. |
| What are the two types of electron microscopes? | Transmission Electron Microscope Scanning Electron Microscope |
| Describe what happens in the transmission electron microscope. | A stream of electrons is passed through a very thinly sliced specimen. The image is projected on a photographic plate. |
| Describe what happens in the scanning electron microscope. | The specimen is sprayed with a fine metal coating. This produces an excellent three-dimensional image of the surface of the specimen. |
| When using an electron microscope, why must the specimen be placed in a vacuum? | The specimen must be placed in a vacuum so that the stream of electrons will not bounce off gas molecules in the air. |
Created by:
Callie999
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