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Astronomy
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is Cargo Cult Science | Science that looks real but lacks integrity, like copying the form of experiments without getting valid results. |
| What principle is missing in Cargo Cult Science? | Scientific integrity: reporting everything, including doubts, errors, and alternative explanations. |
| Why must scientists avoid fooling themselves? | Because you are the easiest person to fool—self-deception leads to misleading others too. |
| Why did Feynman admire Young’s rat experiment? | He controlled every variable to uncover the truth, showing how to do real, careful science. |
| What mistake do many psychology/education studies make? | They repeat flawed methods without asking why they don’t work, leading to no real progress. |
| What is the danger of publishing only positive results? | It biases science by hiding failures, giving a false impression that a theory is supported. |
| What makes science different from other pursuits? | It predicts and explains nature through testable, self-correcting, and objective truths. |
| What sentence defines science, according to Tyson? | “Do whatever it takes to avoid fooling yourself into thinking something is true that is not.” |
| Why are objective truths important? | They exist outside belief or opinion, e.g., Earth orbits the Sun, air is ~78% nitrogen. |
| Why is cherry-picking science harmful? | It undermines informed democracy by misusing science for agendas. |
| What is peer review’s role? | It checks methods and results, ensuring findings can be repeated and trusted. |
| What do both Feynman and Tyson stress most? | Integrity: honesty in reporting all evidence, avoiding self-deception, and being open to error. |