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LIPIDS ; FALL 2025

QuestionAnswer
Lipid A macromolecule made mostly of carbon and hydrogen; includes fats, oils, waxes, and steroids.
Hydrophobic Water-fearing; lipids do not dissolve in water.
Fatty Acid Building blocks of most lipids; long hydrocarbon chains with a carboxyl group (-COOH) at one end.
Glycerol A 3-carbon molecule that combines with fatty acids to form triglycerides.
Triglyceride A lipid made of glycerol + 3 fatty acids; main form of stored fat in the body.
Saturated Fatty Acid No double bonds between carbons; solid at room temperature (e.g., butter).
Unsaturated Fatty Acid Contains double bonds between carbons; liquid at room temperature (e.g., olive oil).
Phospholipid Lipid with glycerol, 2 fatty acids, and a phosphate group; forms cell membranes.
Steroid Lipid made of 4 fused carbon rings (e.g., cholesterol, testosterone, estrogen).
Waxes Lipids that provide waterproofing in plants and animals.
Elements in Lipids Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), Oxygen (O) – much more C and H than O.
Functions of Lipids Long-term energy storage, cell membrane structure, insulation & protection of organs, hormone signaling.
Energy from Lipids 1 gram of lipids = ~9 calories (more than carbs & proteins).
Carbohydrates short term energy
ratio of the elements in Glucose 1 ; 2;1
Created by: pnetha
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