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Nature of Science

Unit 1

TermDefinition
empirical evidence the observations, measurements, and other types of data that people gather and test to support and evaluate scientific explanations.
theory he explanation for some phenomenon that is based on observation, experimentation, and reasoning, that is supported by a large quantity of evidence, and that does not conflict with any existing experimental results or observations.
law a descriptive statement or equation that reliably predicts events under certain conditions.
experiment an organized procedure to study something under controlled conditions
hypothesis a testable idea or explanation that leads to scientific investigation
dependent variable in a scientific investigation, the factor that changes as a result of manipulation of one or more independent variables
observation the process of obtaining information by using the senses; the information obtained by using the senses
independent variable In a scientific investigation, the factor that is deliberately manipulated
data information gathered by observation or experimentation that can be used in calculating or reasoning
model a pattern, plan, representation, or description designed to show the structure or workings of an object, system, or concept
engineering the application of science and mathematics to solve real-life problems
technology the application of science for practical purposes; the use of tools,
prototype a test model of a product
trade-off the giving up of one thing in return for another, often applied to the engineering design process
risk benefit analysis the comparison of the risks and benefits of a decision or product
life cycle analysis the evaluation of the materials and energy used for the manufacture, transportation, sale, use, and disposal of a technology
Pugh chart a table used to compare the features of multiple items, such as technological products or solutions
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