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Nature of Science

Unit 1

TermDefinition
Empirical Evidence The observations, measurements, and other types of data that people gather and test to support and evaluate scientific explanation.
Theory A system of ideas that explain many related observations and is supported by a large body of evidence acquired through scientific investigation.
Law A descriptive statement or equation that reliably predicts events under certain conditions
Experiment An organized procedure to study something under controlled conditions.
Hypothesis A testable idea or explanation that leads scientific investigation.
Independent Variable In a scientific investigation, the factor that is deliberately manipulated
Dependent Variable In a scientific investigation, the factor that changes as a result of manipulation of one or more independent variables.
Observation The process of obtaining information by using the senses; the information obtained by using the senses.
Data Information gathered by observation or experimentation that can be used in calculating or reasoning.
Model A pattern, plan, representation, or description designed to show the structure or working of an object, system, or concept.
Engineering The application of science and mathematics to solve real life problems.
Technology The application of science for practical purpose; the use of tools, machines, materials, and processes to meet human needs.
Prototype A test model of a product.
Trade-Off The giving up of one thing in return for another, often applied to the engineering design process.
Risk-Benefit Analysis The comparison of the risks and benefits of a decision or product.
Life Cycle Analysis The evaluation of the materials and energy used for the manufacture, transportation, sale use, and disposal of a technology.
Pugh Chart A table used to compare the features of multiple items, such as technological products or solutions.
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