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Medical Terminology
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| 1. Aberrant conduction | conduction of the electrical impulse through the heart’s conductive system in an abnormal fashion. |
| 2. Abrasion | scraping or abrading away of the superficial layers of the skin; an open soft tissue injury. |
| 3. Absolute refractory period | the period of the cardiac cycle when stimulation will not produce any depolarization whatever. |
| 4. Acquired immunity | immunity that develops over time and results from exposure to an antigen |
| 5. Active immunity | acquired immunity that occurs following exposure to an antigen and results in the production of antibodies specific for the antigen |
| 6. Acute arterial occlusion | the sudden occlusion of arterial blood flow. |
| 7. Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) | form of pulmonary edema that is caused by fluid accumulation in the interstitial space within the lungs |
| 8. Allergen | a substance capable of inducing of specific hypersensitivity. Allergens may be protein or non-protein although most are protein. |
| 9. Allergic Reaction | exaggerated response by the immune system to a foreign substance. |
| 10. Allergy | a hypertensive state acquired though exposure to a particular allergen |
| 11. Amputation | severance, removal, or detachment, either partial or complete, of a body part. |
| 12. Anaphylaxis | an unusual or exaggerated allergic reaction to a foreign protein or other substance |
| 13. Aneurysm | a weakening or ballooning in the wall of a blood vessel. |
| 14. Angina pectoris | chest pain that results when the blood supply’s oxygen demands exceed the heart’s. |
| 15. Angio edema | marked edema of the skin that usually involves the head, neck, and upper airway a common manifestation of severe allergic reaction and anaphylaxis |
| 16. Anoxia | the absence or near absence of oxygen |
| 17. Antibody | principle agent of a chemical attack of an invading substance |
| 18. Antigen | any substance that is capable under appropriate conditions of inducing as specific immune response |
| 19. Apnea | absence of breathing |
| 20. Arrhythmia | the absence of cardiac electrical activity; often used interchangeably with dysrhythmia. |
| 21. Arteriosclerosis | a thickening, loss of elasticity, and hardening of the walls of the arteries from calcium deposits. |
| 22. Artifact | deflection on the ECG produced by factors other than the heart’s electrical activity. |
| 23. Ascites | bulges in flanks and abdo |
| 24. Asphyxia | a decrease in the amount of oxygen and an increase in the amount of carbon dioxide as a result of some interference with respiration |
| 25. Atherosclerosis | a progressive, degenerative disease of the medium-sized and large arteries. |
| 26. Auscultation | listening with a stethoscope for sounds produced by the body |
| 27. Avulsion | forceful tearing away or separation of body tissue; an avulsion may be partial or complete. |
| 28. Babinski response | big toe dorsi flex and other toes fan out when sole is stimulated. |
| 29. Bag-valve mask | ventilation device consisting of a self inflating bag with two one way values and a transparent plastic face mask |
| 30. Basophil | type of white blood cell that participates in allergic responses |
| 31. Battle’s sign | black and blue discoloration over the mastoid process. |
| 32. Bipolar leads | ECG leads apply to the arms and legs that contain two electrodes of opposite polarity (leads 1, 2, 3). |
| 33. Blood pressure | force of blood again arterial walls |
| 34. Bradycardia | pulse rate slower than 60 BPM |
| 35. Bradypnea | slow breathing |
| 36. Bruit | the sound of turbulent blood flow through a vessel; usually associated with atherosclerotic disease. |
| 37. Bundle branch block | a kind of interventricular heart block in which conduction through either the right or left bundle branch is blocked or delayed. |
| 38. Bundle of Kent | an accessory AV conduction pathway that is thought to be responsible for the ECG findings of pre-excitation syndrome. |
| 39. Capnography | the measurement of exhaled carbon dioxide concentration |
| 40. Cardiac arrest | the absence of ventricular contraction. |
| 41. Cardiac monitor | machine displays electrical activity of the heart |
| 42. Cardiac tamponade | accumulation of excess fluid inside the pericardium. |
| 43. Cardiogenic shock | the inability of the heart to meet the metabolic needs of the body, resulting in inadequate tissue perfusion |
| 44. Cellular immunity | immunity resulting from a direct attack of a foreign substance by specialized cells of the immune system |
| 45. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) | a disease characterized by a decreased ability of the lungs to perform the function of ventilation. |
| 46. Claudication | severe pain in the calf muscle due to inadequate blood supply. It typically occurs with exertion and subsides with rest. |
| 47. Closed pneumothorax | air enters the pleural space through an opening in the pleura that covers the lung |
| 48. Collagen | tough, strong protein that comprises most of the body’s connective tissue. |
| 49. Co-morbidity | associated disease process. |
| 50. Compartment syndrome | muscle ischemia that is caused by rising pressures within an anatomic fascial space. |
| 53. Contusion | closed wound in which the skin is unbroken, although damage has occurred to the tissue immediately beneath. |
| 54. Cor pulmonale | hypertrophy of the right ventricle resulting from disorders of the lung |
| 55. Crackles | light crackling and popping heard during inspiration |
| 56. Crepitation | crunching sounds of unlubricated parts of joints rubbing against each other. |
| 57. Crepitus | crackling sounds |
| 58. Crush injury | mechanism of injury in which tissue is locally compressed by high-pressure forces. |
| 59. Crush syndrome | systemic disorder of severe metabolic disturbances resulting from the crush of a limb or other body part. |
| 60. Cullen’s sign | discolouration around the umbilicus |
| 61. CVD (Cardiovascular disease) | disease affecting the heart, peripheral blood vessels or both. |
| 62. Cyanosis | bluish discoloration of the skin due to significantly reduced hemoglobin in the blood. The condition is directly related to poor ventilation |
| 88. Grey-Turner’s sign | discoloration over the flanks suggesting intra-abdominal bleeding. |
| 89. Hematoma | collection of blood beneath the skin or trapped within a body compartment. |
| 90. Hemoglobin | the transport protein that carries oxygen in the blood |
| 91. Hemopneumothorax | condition where air and blood are in the pleural space. |
| 92. Hemoptysis | coughing of blood that has origin in the respiratory tract. |
| 93. Hemostasis | the body’s natural ability to stop bleeding, the ability to clot blood. |
| 94. Hemothorax | blood within the pleural space. |
| 95. Histamine | a product of mast cells and basophils that cause vasodilation, capillary permeability, bronchoconstriction and contraction of the gut |
| 96. Humoral immunity | immunity resulting from attack of an invading substance by antibodies |
| 97. Hymenoptera | any of an order of highly specialized insects such as bees and wasps |
| 98. Hypersensitivity | an unexpected and exaggerated reaction to a particular antigen it is used synonymously with term allergy |
| 99. Hypertension | blood pressure higher than normal |
| 131. Oropharyngeal airway | semi circular device that follows the palates curvature. |
| 132. Orthopnea | dyspnea while lying supine |
| 133. Pallor | paleness |
| 134. Palpation | using your sense of touch to gather info |
| 135. Paradoxical breathing | asymmetrical chest wall movement that lessens respiratory efficiency |
| 136. Paroxysmal Nocturnal Dyspnea | short attacks of dyspnea that occur at night and interrupt sleep |
| 137. Passive immunity | acquired immunity that results from administration of antibodies either from the mother to the infant across the placenta barrier (natural passive immunity) or through vaccination (induced passive immunity) |
| 138. Pathogen | a disease producing agent or substance |
| 139. Percussion | the production of sound waves by striking one object against another |
| 140. Perfusion | blood movement through and organ or tissue |
| 141. Pericardial Tamponade | a restriction to cardiac filling caused by blood (or other fluid) within the pericardial sac. |
| 142. Pericardium | area of the chest wall overlying the heart. |
| 143. Periorbital ecchymosis | black and blue discoloration surrounding the eye sockets. |
| 144. Phagocytosis | process in which a cell surrounds and absorbs a bacterium or other particle. |
| 145. Pleural friction rub | squeaking of pleural linings |
| 146. Pneumothorax | air in the pleural space. |
| 147. Polycythemia | an excess of red blood cells |
| 151. Pulmonary embolism (PE) | blood clot in one of the pulmonary arteries. |
| 152. Pulse Oximetry | a measurement of hemoglobin oxygen saturation in the peripheral tissues |
| 153. Pulse pressure | difference between systolic and diastolic pressures |
| 154. Pulse quality | strength which can be weak strong thready or bounding |
| 155. Pulse rate | number of pulses felt in one minute |
| 156. Pulse rhythm beats. | pattern and equality of intervals between |
| 157. Pulsus alternans | alternating amplitude of the P, QRS, and T waves on the ECG rhythm strip as the heart swings in a pendulum |
| 158. Pulsus Paradoxus | Drop of greater than 10 mmHg in the systolic blood pressure during the inspiratory phase of respiration that occurs in patients with pericardial tamponade. |
| 159. Puncture | specific soft |
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Brooklyn2025
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