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E,M,S Relationship
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Planet | An object that orbits a star, is large enough to have become rounded by its own gravity, and has cleared the area of its orbit |
| Geoentric | A model of the universe in which Earth is at the center of the revolving planets and stars |
| Heliocentric | A model of the solar system in which Earth and the other planets revolve around the Sun |
| Ellipse | An oval shape, which may be elongated or nearly circular; the shape of the planets' orbit |
| Equinox | Either of the two days of the year on which neither hemisphere is tilted toward or away from the Sun |
| Inertia | The tendency of an object to resist a change in motion |
| Axis | An imaginary line that passes through a planet's center and its north and south pole, about which the planet rotates |
| Rotation | The spinning motion of a planet on its axis |
| Revolution | The movement of an object around another object |
| Orbit | The path of an object as it revolves around another object in space |
| Solstice | Either of the two days of the year on which the Sun reaches its greatest distance north or south of the equator |
| Gravity | The attractive force between objects; the force that moves objects downhill |
| Phase | One of the different apparent shapes of the moon as seen from Earth |
| Eclipse | The partial or total blocking of one object in space by another |
| Umbra | The darkest part of a shadow |
| Penumbra | The part of a shadow surrounding the darkest part |
| Tide | The periodic rise and fall of the level of water in the ocean |
| Spring Tide | The tide with the greatest difference between consecutive low and high tides |
| Neap Tide | The tide with the least difference between consecutive low and high tides |
| Law of Universal Gravitation | The scientific law that states that every object in the universe attracts every other object |