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Enzymes
topic 1 aqa biology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is an enzyme? | An enzyme is a protein which acts a a biological catalyst and speeds up chemical reactions in living organisms |
| What is the induced fit model? | This is the most accepted theory of enzyme binding in which enzymes minutely change their active site shape to fit their substrates. This theory also explains why inhibitors are able to bind to enzymes. |
| How is the tertiary structure relevant to enzyme function? | the tertiary structure determines the shape of an enzymes active site which is needed for the formation of enzyme-substrate complexes. If it is not complimentary then it cannot bind |
| How do enzymes lower activation energy? | The enzyme puts strain on the substrates bonds and makes it easier to break, therefore less energy is needed to break the bonds. |
| What factors affect enzyme action? | Factors that affect enzyme action are - enzyme concentration: increased concentration = increased rate - substrate concentration: increased concentration = increased rate - pH: too acidic or alkaline = denaturing - temperature: too high or low = |
| What are the two types of inhibitors? | Competitive, non-competitive |
| How does a competitive inhibitor affect enzyme action? | A competitive inhibitor binds to an enzymes active site, therefore preventing a substrate from binding to it. It is a temporary inhibitor |
| How does a non-competitive inhibitor affect enzyme action? | A non-competitive inhibitor binds to an enzymes allosteric site and alters the tertiary structure, changing the shape of the active site and thus permanently denaturing the enzyme |
| What was the previously accepted enzyme-substrate binding model? | The lock and key model |
Created by:
Ziggyisweird
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