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AST Ch 10
Astronomy
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| This Italian astronomer was first to see Jupiter's Great Red Spot, measure Jupiter's rotation rate, accurately measure Mars rotation rate, discover four of Saturn's moons, and find a dark gap between Saturn's A and B rings | Cassini |
| Which comet smashed in jupiter in 1994? | Shoemaker-Levy 9 |
| Callisto, jupiters outer moon, has | ancient, heavily cratered, ice/rock terrain |
| Ganymede, the largest moon in the solar system, has | icy, grooved terrain |
| Europa, Jupiter's moon has | a smooth surface, icy crust, and subsurface water |
| Io, jupiters moon, is | sulfur-covered with active volcanoes |
| Volume of space controlled by a planets magnetic field | magnetosphere |
| When Saturn's rings are edge-on and very dim, we have a good chance of finding some of its | smaller, fainter moons |
| What is Saturns largest moon? And who was it discovered by? | Titan; Christian Huygens |
| What did Huygens think of Saturns rings? | they were solid |
| What did Cassini think of Saturn's rings? | they were moonlets |
| Besides the Cassini gap, there is the | Encke Division on Saturns Rings |
| Electrostatistically charged dust suspended above saturns rings are | spokes |
| saturns largest moon, titan, features a thick | nitrogen atmosphere |
| Which musician discovered Uranus? | William herschel |
| Which of Uranus' moons has ice cliffs? | miranda |
| Neptune is | 3 billion miles from the sun |
| Which Neptunian moon orbits backward? | Triton |
| What are found on Triton? | ice geysers/cryovolcanoes |
| Who discovered Pluto? | Clyde Tombaugh |
| The amount of reflectivity of a planet is called | albedo |
| Short-period comets may came from this belt outside neptunes orbit | Kuiper |
| This spherical cloud of comets surrounds our solar system | Oort |
| Halley thought comets didnt travel in straight lines, but instead had | elliptical orbits |
| The orbits of many comets are | elliptical |
| Comet Hale-Bopp is a | long-period comet |
| Halleys comet is a | short-period comet |
| Comet tails always point | away from the sun |
| Why do comet tails point away from the sun? | pressure of solar radiations and flow of subatomic particles (solar wind) |
| The tail of the comet is the | dust and gas being blown off the coma by solar wind |
| What extends out ina straight line on the comets tail? | ion, gas, or plasma |
| what curves away from it in an arc on the comets tail? | dust |
| what kind of material boils at fairly low temperature? | volatile |
| what material remains solid at high temps? | refractory |
| What hypothesis explains the moons origin? | large impact theory |
| which theory suggested that a passing star pulled material from the sun to form planets? | planetismal |
| which theory suggested that hot gas blew off the sun to form planets? | tidal |
| which theory was the basis for our modern solar nebula theory? | condensation |
| what is the condensation theory/solar nebula theory? | the sun and planets formed from a cloud created by exploding stars (supernovae) |
| according to the solar nebula theory, the solar system began | 5 billion years ago |
| how was the age of the universe determined? | radioactive dating of meteorites |
| Large planet-building objects that formed from the solar nebula | planetismals |
| massive objects destined to become planets | protoplanets |
| If the solar nebula theory is right, then planets should be very | common |
| visual evidence of solar nebula has been found as protoplanetary discs, or | proplyds |
| where were proplyds found? | in the orion nebula and wobbles of stars |
| bonus: these objects help hold saturns rings together | shepherding moons/satellites |
| bonus: most of saturns dozens of moons are not large, but | small, irregular in shape and composed of rock and ice |
| bonus: which spacecraft launched the huygens probe, which landed on titans surface? | the Cassini spacecraft |
| how many moons does uranus have? | 21 |
| How fast do neptunes clouds move? | 1500mph |
| what caused us to revise plutos size? | pluto's albedo is much greater than originally thought, making us think it was bigger than it is |
| why cant we visually see planets orbiting other stars? | too dim from so far away |
| strong evidence for solar nebula theory | planets orbit the sun in same direction in the same plane |
| the composition of the sun, jovians, and comets are similar to | original nebula |
| Shepherding satellites keep these together | planetary rings |
| This spacecraft is currently orbiting saturn | Cassini |
| The extensive volcanic activity on Io is the result of | tidal heating caused by the gravitational pull of Jupiter and Europa |
| Large planet-building objects that formed the solar nebula: | planetismals |
| We think the earth and moon formed as a result of | the impact of another protoplanet with the early earth |
| Which of the following is evidence that supports the notion that extrasolar planets are common? -If it is happening here, it is happening elsewhere -There are proplyds in the Orion nebula -Many nearby stars exhibit a wobble | All of the preceding |
| This spacecraft passed pluto in 2015 | New Horizons |
Created by:
magicalmysterytour
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