Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
112-T2 Tanner
112-T2 Tanner - Asthma, CF, RSV, Croup
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A test required for an Asthma diagnosis | PFT, Pulmonary Function Test |
| The PFT uses Spirometry to measure: | Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second (FEV1) Peak Expiratory Volume (PEF) The patient inhales deeply then exhales forcefully into the mouthpiece of the spirometer. Results compared to predictive values based on age, height, sex, and ethnicity |
| number 1 symptom of asthma | dry, non-productive cough, worse at night and in the morning |
| 3 components of an asthma attack | mucous hypersecretion coughing bronchoconstriction |
| to have asthma | 1. history of bronchoconstriction 2. allergies (#1 allergy is dander (dust mite poop)) 3. family history of asthma |
| whistling that is caused by asthma would require a _____________ to hear | stethoscope |
| short acting bronchodilator | albuterol takes about 10 minutes to work |
| people think a nebulizer works better because the | treatment takes about as long as the medication takes to work |
| correct use of an MDI (metered dose inhaler) requires the use of a | spacer a spacer has a one way valve |
| nebulizers can have more side effects because | greater systemic absorption (swallowing medicine) tachycardia, restlessness, |
| for inhaler to work without spacer | exhale fully begin to inhale press in middle of inhalation |
| DPI (dry powder inhalers) require fast airflow | because they rely on the patient's inhalation to disperse the medication and break the powder into particles small enough to reach the lungs |
| inhaled corticosteroids can cause | thrush |
| Oral thrush can be treated with the antifungal, | Nystatin. The patient switches the nystatin suspension in their mouth for several minutes. If the throat area is involved, the patient should also gargle. |
| inhaled corticosteroids | treat inflammation but not constriction take 1-2 puffs per day must be taken everyday take two weeks to start working (sherpath says 1-4 weeks) |
| cystic fibrosis is | an autoimmune disease both parents have to carry the recessive gene to have a child with the cystic fibrosis |
| males with cystic fibrosis | are sterile because the vas deferens (the tube that carries sperm from the testes) is absent or blocked due to thick, sticky mucous |
| CF patients have bacteria that is extremely difficult to eradicate because | their thick mucus is an ideal environment for bacterial growth, and it hinders the body's natural defense mechanisms |
| life expectancy with CF is | 50-60 years (sherpath says 46 years) |
| CF patients may need | lung and liver transplants |
| Many CF patients tend to develop | diabetes This occurs due to the progressive damage to the pancreas caused by CF. Over 50% of adults with CF develop diabetes It's a distinct form of diabetes, different from both Type 1 and Type 2 CFRD results from pancreatic insufficiency, a common complication of CF The thick, sticky mucus characteristic of CF can block pancreatic ducts, leading to decreased insulin production |
| with every meal CF patients typically take an | oral pancreatic enzyme supplement replacement therapy (PERT), which helps to compensate for pancreatic insufficiency, a common issue in CF it aids in digestion and absorption of nutrients, especially fats |
| to qualify for lung transplant CF patients will have a lung capacity of | below 25% leading to pulse ox in the 75-80 ranges pulse ox is critical below 85% |
| fraction of people affected by CF is | 5 in 100,000 |
| RSV | respiratory syncytial virus a common viral respiratory infection that primarily affects infants and young children leading cause of hospitalization of infants during winter most sever in infants under 3 mo |
| symptoms of RSV include | 1. fever (don't treat unless over 104 per Tanner) 2. heavy breathing 3. coughing (give fluid and honey per Tanner) 4. trouble eating 5. runny nose 6. flared nostrils (7. retractions) |
| retractions | are common in RSV infections, especially in infants and young children with severe cases. Retractions are visible signs of respiratory distress where the chest wall sinks in between the ribs or below the ribcage as the child struggles to breathe. |
| RSV can last | 10-14 days |
| Laryngotracheobronchitis | croup typically affects 5yo and younger |
| symptoms of croup (laryngotracheobronchitis) | barking cough ("seal like") can become inspiratory stridor (a high-pitched sound when breathing in) |
| with croup, parents should try | 15 minutes of breathing steam or cold air |
| croup can be effectively treated with | steroids (glucocorticoids) |
| albuterol would not be used for the treatment of | croup, unless there is bronchoconstriction |
| An improvement of 12% or more in FEV1 after administration of a bronchodilator is | indicative of asthma. |
| SABAs (short acting beta 2 agonists) | act as sympathomimetics stimulate Beta 2 receptors in bronchial smooth muscle causing rapid bronchodilation (Stimulating sympathetic NS's "fight or flight" response, which aims to get more airflow to the lungs) |
| LABAs (long-acting beta 2 agonists) | similar to SABA but their action lasts longer often combined with a corticosteroid |
| SABA medicines | Albuterol Levalbuterol |
| LABA medicines | Formoterol Salmeterol |
| Common Corticosteroids for Asthma and COPD | Fluticasone Budesonide Mometasone |
| muscarinic antagonists (also known as anticholinergics) | are used in asthma treatment, though they are not typically first-line therapy. These medications work by blocking muscarinic receptors in the bronchi, leading to bronchodilation. |
| MC muscarinic antagonist | Ipratropium bromide (short acting) Tiotropium (long acting) they decrease mucous and open airways |
| Laryngotracheobronchitis (LTB) characteristics | slow onset barking cough "crowing sounds" occurs at night in fall and winter may have slight temp commonly occurs before age 5 restlessness suprasternal breathing increased respiratory rate may progress to hypoxic state upper respiratory infections frequently precede LTB |
Created by:
cnblake1
Popular Nursing sets