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Physiology

QuestionAnswer
What are the four basic types of tissue in the human body? Epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissue.
What is homeostasis? The maintenance of a stable internal environment despite external changes.
What is the function of mitochondria in cells? To produce ATP through cellular respiration, supplying energy for cell functions.
What is the role of enzymes in the body? Enzymes speed up chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy.
What is the main function of the sodium-potassium pump? To maintain the resting membrane potential by moving 3 Na⁺ out and 2 K⁺ into the cell using ATP.
What are the two divisions of the nervous system? Central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS).
What is an action potential? A rapid change in membrane potential that travels along the axon to transmit a nerve signal.
What ions are primarily involved in generating an action potential? Sodium (Na⁺) and potassium (K⁺).
What is the difference between afferent and efferent neurons? Afferent neurons carry sensory information to the CNS; efferent neurons carry motor commands from the CNS to effectors.
What is the role of myelin in the nervous system? Myelin insulates axons and increases the speed of nerve impulse conduction (saltatory conduction).
Created by: KYLIENTITUS
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