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Lesson 12-Vocab
Mental Health
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| acrophobia | an excessive fear of heights. |
| affect | used in psychology as a noun, is the outward appearance of a person’s mood or emotional state. |
| agoraphobia | an excessive fear of environments where the person fears a panic attack might occur. |
| alcoholism | chronic alcohol dependence with specific signs and symptoms upon withdrawal. |
| anorexia nervosa | characterized by a false perception of body appearance. |
| antidepressant | administered to prevent or relieve depression. |
| anxiety disorders | mental conditions characterized by excessive, irrational dread of everyday situations or fear that is out of proportion to the real danger in a situation. |
| anxiolytic drug | also known as an antianxiety drug or tranquilizer, is administered to temporarily relieve anxiety and to reduce tension. |
| autism spectrum disorder | young child has difficulty developing normal social relationships and communication skills; may compulsively follow repetitive routines; and has narrowly focused, intense interests that are sometimes unusual. |
| attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder | (ADHD) is characterized by a short attention span and impulsive behavior that is inappropriate for the child’s developmental age. |
| bipolar disorder | a condition characterized by cycles of severe mood changes shifting between highs called mania and either hypomania (milder manic symptoms) or major depressive episode (severe depression) that affect a person’s attitude, energy, and ability to function. |
| binge eating disorder | (BED) is characterized by frequent episodes of eating large quantities of food, accompanied by a sense of loss of control and feelings of guilt or shame afterward. |
| biofeedback | involves monitoring a person’s physical reaction to relaxation techniques such as deep breathing. |
| body dysmorphic disorder | characterized by a preoccupation with perceived flaws in a person’s own appearance. |
| borderline personality disorder | characterized by impulsive actions, often with the potential for self-harm, as well as mood instability and chaotic relationships. |
| bulimia nervosa | an eating disorder characterized by frequent episodes of binge eating followed by compensatory behaviors to purge the food such as self-induced vomiting; excessive exercising; or the misuse of laxatives, diuretics, or other medications. |
| claustrophobia | an abnormal fear of being in small or enclosed spaces. |
| cognitive behavioral therapy | (CBT) focuses on changing thoughts and behaviors that are affecting a person’s emotions and functioning. |
| delirium tremens | (DTs) is a disorder involving sudden and severe mental changes or seizures caused by abruptly stopping the use of alcohol. |
| delusion | a false personal belief that is maintained despite obvious proof or evidence to the contrary. |
| depression | a common mood disorder characterized by sadness, changes in sleep, energy, and concentration and may be accompanied by apathy, which is the lack of interest in formerly pleasurable activities, or anhedonia, which is the inability to enjoy oneself. |
| dissociative disorders | occur when normal thought is separated from consciousness. |
| dyslexia | also known as a developmental reading disorder, is a learning disability characterized by substandard reading achievement due to the inability of the brain to process symbols correctly. |
| electroconvulsive therapy | (ECT), also known as electroshock therapy, is a procedure in which small amounts of electric current are passed through the brain, deliberately triggering a brief seizure in order to reverse symptoms of certain mental illnesses. |
| emotion | a current state of feeling which may include a release of chemicals in the brain. Emotions include anger, fear, and love. |
| exposure therapy | can be used for treating anxiety disorders including phobias. It involves repeated exposure to a fear in a safe and controlled setting. |
| factitious disorder | a condition in which an individual acts as if they have a physical or mental illness when they are not really sick. |
| gender dysphoria | (GD) is a condition where a person’s sex at birth does not match the gender with which they currently identify, causing significant amounts of distress. |
| hallucination | a sensory perception (i.e., sight, touch, sound, smell, or taste) experienced in the absence of any actual external stimulus. |
| hoarding disorder | characterized by the overaccumulation of belongings in a way that interferes with daily living. |
| hypnotherapy | the use of hypnosis to produce an altered state of focused attention in which the patient may be more willing to believe and act on suggestions. |
| intellectual disability | also called intellectual developmental disorder, is a diagnosis of significant below-average intellectual and adaptive functioning present from birth or early infancy. |
| limbic system | a group of structures in the brain generally associated with thought, mood, and emotion. |
| mania | manic behavior, sometimes including a feeling of euphoria, meaning intense happiness and excitement. The suffix -mania means obsessive preoccupation. |
| mental illness | extremely common, affecting as many as one in five adults in the United States. Mental illness affects people of all ages, races, genders, and body types. Anxiety and depression are among the most common types of mental illness in the U. S. |
| mood | a current state of emotion. |
| narcolepsy | a potentially dangerous sleep disorder consisting of sudden and uncontrollable brief episodes of falling asleep during the day. |
| neurodevelopmental disorders | disorders with childhood onset which are characterized by a disturbance in the central nervous system. |
| obsessive-compulsive disorder | (OCD) is characterized by recurrent obsessions, which are repetitive, intrusive, distressing thoughts or impulses, and/or compulsions, feeling compelled to repeatedly do things, like wash or count. |
| oppositional defiant disorder | (ODD) is characterized by a child or adolescent’s persistent angry, uncooperative, and disruptive behavior directed toward authority figures, which disrupts daily activities |
| panic attack | an unexpected, sudden experience of fear in the absence of danger, accompanied by physical symptoms |
| paranoia | intense anxiety caused by persistent suspicion and mistrust of someone or something. |
| paraphilic disorders | characterized by altered sexual fantasies, urges, or behaviors. |
| parasomnia | general term for several categories of sleep disorders that occur while falling asleep, during sleep, or while waking from sleep. |
| personality disorder | A personality disorder (PD) is a chronic pattern of inner experience and behavior that causes serious problems with relationships and work. |
| phobia | a persistent, irrational fear of a specific thing or situation, strong enough to cause significant distress, interfere with functioning, and lead to the avoidance of the thing or situation that causes the reaction. |
| posttraumatic stress disorder | (PTSD) may develop after an event involving actual or threatened death or injury to the individual or someone else, during which the person felt intense fear, helplessness, or horror. |
| psychiatrist | a physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating chemical dependencies, emotional problems, and mental illness. |
| psychology | the scientific study of the mind. |
| psychopharmacology | Drug therapy for mental disorders is called psychopharmacology. |
| psychosis | a disrupted thought pattern that makes it difficult for a person to distinguish what is real and what is not. |
| psychotic disorder | characterized by the loss of contact with reality and deterioration of normal social functioning |
| psychotherapy | sometimes called talk therapy or supportive psychotherapy, is used to treat many mental illnesses by providing insights into a person’s thoughts, emotions, and behaviors. |
| psychotropic drug | acts primarily on the central nervous system, where it produces temporary changes affecting the mind, emotions, and behavior. |
| schizophrenia | a psychotic disorder usually characterized by withdrawal from reality, illogical patterns of thinking, delusions, and hallucinations and accompanied in varying degrees by other emotional, behavioral, or intellectual disturbances. |
| self-harm | harming oneself intentionally and ranges greatly in severity. |
| sexual dysfunctions | conditions which prevent a person from experiencing satisfaction from sexual activity |
| stimulant | works by increasing activity in certain areas of the brain to increase concentration and wakefulness. |
| suicide | the intentional taking of one’s own life. |
| trauma | physical or emotional shock or injury. |
Created by:
jls017
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