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medsurg hu immune

unit V immune system

QuestionAnswer
immunocompetent when all different parts and functions of inflammation and immunity are working well
Self tolerance ability to recognize self vs. non self, which is necessary to prevent healthy body cells from being destroyed along with invaders
Antigens proteins capable of stimulating an immune response
Human Leukocyte Antigens unique universal product code for each person. antigens are also present on the surfaces of nearly all body cells. these antigens determine the tissue type.
Stem cells immature,undifferentiated cells. pluripotent-each cell has more than one potential outcome
three processes for protection 1. inflammation 2. antibody-mediated immunity(AMI) aka human immunity 3. cell mediated immunity(CMI)
Inflammation natural immunity; immediate protection againist the effects of tissue injury and invading foreign proteins
inflammation can occur without infection ex: sprain injuries, myocardial infarction,sterile surgical incisions
leukocytes invloved in inflammation neutrophils, macrophages, eosinophils and basohpils
Neutrophils 55-70% of normal WBC count. also called granulocytes because of large number of granules present inside each cell. 100 billion released daily; lifespan 12-18 hrs
Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) percentage and actual number of mature circulating neutrophils
Left shift/ Bandemia when the segmented(mature) neutrophil is no longer the most numerous type of circulating neutophils
Phagocytosis engulfing and destruction of invaders. rids body of debris after tissue injury. neutrophils and macrophages are most efficient.
Chemotaxins substances that attract neutrophils and macrophages. damaged tissues and blood vessels secrete chemotaxins
Opsonins susbstances that increase contact of the cell with its target by coating taget cell
Five cardinal manifestations of inflammation warmth, redness, swelling, pain and decreased function,
Hyperemia increased blood flow
Edema swelling
what causes redness and warmth? changes in blood vessels;increased blood flow. dilated arterioles and constricted small veins
what causes pain and swelling? Capillary leak allowing blood plasma to leak into tissue
Neutrophilia an increased number of circulating neutophils
What causes decreased functioning? formation of scar tissue
Created by: tcr1223
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