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Vanessa Villalba
Anatomy Week 1-5
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Frontal | Forehead bone, also forms most of the roof of the orbits (eye sockets) and the anterior part of the cranial floor |
| Occipital | Forms the posterior part of the cranial floor and walls |
| Sphenoid | Keystone of the cranial floor; forms its midportion; resembles a bat with wings outstretched and legs extended downward posteriorly; lies behind and slightly above the nose and throat; forms part of the floor and sidewalls of the orbit |
| Covalent | A chemical bond formed by the sharing of one or more pairs of electrons between the outer shells of two atoms is called a(n) _____ bond. |
| Eight Protons | The element oxygen has an atomic number of 8, which means it contains |
| Stratum granulosum | where the process of sur-face keratin formation begins. |
| stratum basale | a single layer of columnar cells. |
| Epidermis | Superficial primary layer of the skin; made up entirely of keratinized stratified squamous epithelium; derived from the ectoderm; also includes hairs, sweat glands, sebaceous glands |
| Dermis | Deep primary layer of the skin; made up of fibrous tissue; also includes some blood and lymphatic vessels (c), muscles, and nerves; derived from mesoderm |
| synthesis reaction | The reaction between hydrogen and oxygen needed to form water is an example of a |
| Long bones | easily identified by their roughly cylindrical shape that is longer than it is wide. |
| Diaphysis | main shaft like portion. Its hollow, cylindrical shape and the thick compact bone that composes it adapt the diaphysis well to its function of providing strong support without adding cumbersome weight. |
| Epiphyses | the proximal and distal ends of a long bone. |
| lysosome | This organelle is primarily a sac of powerful digestive enzymes called acid hydrolases. |
| plasma membrane | The outer boundary of a human cell is called the |
| peroxisome | This organelle is numerous in liver and kidney cells. |
| Golgi apparatus | This organelle has both a cis and a trans face. |
| cytoplasm | The inside of the cell is composed largely of a gel-like substance called |
| hyaline | Most common type of cartilage |
| lumbar vertebrae | The vertebral bones that support the small (lower section) of the back. |
| mandible | The bone that articulates with the temporal bone in the only movable joint of the skull |
| Muscular | System function: Powers and directs movements; provides heat |
| Lymphatic | System function: Maintains constant fluid pressure by draining excess fluid from tissues, cleaning it, and recycling it to bloodstream |
| Reproductive | System function: Passes genetic code containing information for forming a body and maintaining homeostasis to offspring |
| Digestive | Maintains relatively constant nutrient level in body by digesting food and absorbing nutrients into internal environme |
| Effectors | organs, such as muscles or glands, that directly influence controlled physiological variables |
| Positive feedback loop | Process where the output of a system amplifies or increases the initial action, leading to a self-reinforcing cycle. |
| Muscle Cell Function | Contract (shorten) to allow movement of body parts |
| Red Blood Cell Function | Transport oxygen in the bloodstream (from lungs to other parts of the body) |
| Gland Cell function | Release substances such as hormones, enzymes, mucus, and sweat |
| Immune Cells function | Recognize and destroy “nonself” cells such as cancer cells and invading bacteria |
| Nucleus | A usually central, spherical double-membrane container of chromatin (DNA); has large pores |
| Mitochondria | Tiny membranous capsule surrounding an inner, highly folded membrane embedded with enzymes; has small, ringlike chromosome (DNA) |
| Microvilli | Short, fingerlike extensions of plasma membrane; supported internally by microfilaments |
| Nucleolus | Dense area of chromatin and related molecules within nucleus |
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vanessa020293
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