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zefan feng
anatomy-025-2-SCI220-07-Week 6: Assignment - StudyStack Set 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which cellular structure is responsible for organizing microtubules and forming the mitotic spindle? | The centrosome. |
| What is the primary function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum in protein synthesis? | It modifies and folds newly synthesized polypeptides and transports them to the Golgi apparatus. |
| What role do lysosomes play in cellular homeostasis? | They digest and recycle cellular waste, damaged organelles, and foreign substances via hydrolytic enzymes |
| Why is the sodium-potassium pump essential for maintaining membrane potential in cells? | It actively transports 3 Na⁺ out and 2 K⁺ into the cell, maintaining electrochemical gradients. |
| What is the function of the epiphyseal plate, and what happens to it during puberty? | It allows for longitudinal bone growth; it ossifies and becomes the epiphyseal line during puberty. |
| What distinguishes compact bone from spongy bone structurally and functionally? | Compact bone is dense with organized osteons for strength; spongy bone has trabeculae that support bone marrow and reduce weight. |
| What is Wolff’s Law in relation to bone physiology? | one grows and remodels in response to mechanical stress and load. |
| Which cranial bone articulates with every other cranial bone | The sphenoid bone |
| What is the role of Langerhans cells in the epidermis? | hey are antigen-presenting immune cells that help detect and fight pathogens. |
| How does the skin contribute to thermoregulation beyond sweating | Through vasodilation (heat loss) and vasoconstriction (heat retention) of dermal blood vessels. |
| What structural protein forms the dermal matrix and helps in wound healing? | Collagen |
| How does UV radiation affect DNA in skin cells, and what can this lead to? | It can cause thymine dimers, leading to mutations that may result in skin cancer. |
| What causes skin color variation among individuals? | The amount and type of melanin produced by melanocytes, not the number of melanocytes. |
| What is the role of ribosomes in the cell, and how do free and bound ribosomes differ? | Ribosomes synthesize proteins. Free ribosomes make cytosolic proteins; bound ribosomes (on RER) make membrane-bound or secreted proteins. |
| What vitamin is synthesized in the skin in response to UVB light? | Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol). |
Created by:
selena.feng
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