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Part 2 Vocabulary

TC3 BIOL 105 Final Exam (ch. 23-31)

TermDefinition
Mass extinction the elimination of a large number of species, due to environmental changes
Heterochrony An evolutionary change in the rate or timing of developmental events
Homeotic (HOX) Genes Master regulatory genes that control placement and spatial organization of body parts
Adaptive Radiations period of evolutionary change where new adaptations allow filling of different ecological niches
Plate tectonics The movements of Earth's plates as they float on the hot, underlying mantle
Radiometric dating a method used to determine the age of rocks and fossils, based on half-life decay
Endoderm Innermost germ layer, gives rise to the lining of the digestive tract and linings of organs such as the liver and lungs of vertebrates
Paedomorphosis adult organism exhibits features of juvenile traits of its evolutionary ancestors
Extremophiles Organisms that thrive in extreme conditions
Pharyngeal gill slits Chordates have this feature, comprised of repeated opening caudal to the mouth
Peptidoglycan A bacterial cell wall polymer
Fimbriae Hairlike appendages used by prokaryotes to stick to their substrate or each other
Mesoderm Middle primary germ layer in a triploblastic animal embryo
Endospores thick walled bacterial cell resistant to harsh conditions
Taxis An organism's movement toward or away from a stimulus
Endosymbiont theory Mitochondria and plastids were formerly small bacteria that began living within larger cells after being engulfed
Apical meristems Localized regions of cell division at the tips of roots and shoots of plants
Stomata Plant pores that allow for the exchange of CO₂ and O₂
Lichen Symbiotic association between a fungus and a photosynthetic microorganism
Chitin structural polysaccharide found in exoskeletons and fungal cell walls
Visceral mass Part of a mollusk that contains most of the internal organs
Transpiration Loss of water vapor from a plant
Guard cells Cells that control the opening and closing of leaf pores in plants
Casparian Strip A waxy ring within plant roots that forces entering materials to cross the endodermal cell's plasma before it can continue into the vascular cylinder
Circadian Rhythm Cycles with a frequency of about 24 hours and not directly controlled by any known environmental variable
Senescence The programmed death of certain plant cells, tissues, or entire organisms
Created by: PRO Teacher etucci
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