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FINAL English
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Oedipus | King of Thebes, unknowingly fulfills a prophecy that he will kill his father and marry his mother, leading to tragedy. |
| Creon | Oedipus’s brother-in-law; he becomes king and represents law and order, often contrasting with Oedipus’s impulsiveness. |
| Jocasta | Queen of Thebes, wife and mother of Oedipus, who hangs herself upon learning the truth. |
| Antigone | Daughter of Oedipus and Jocasta; defies Creon’s law to bury her brother and becomes a symbol of moral integrity. |
| Teiresias | Blind prophet who warns Oedipus of his fate; his insight contrasts with Oedipus’s metaphorical blindness |
| Ismene | Antigone’s sister; more cautious and obedient, initially refuses to help Antigone bury their brother. |
| Chours | A group of Theban elders who comment on the action, represent public opinion, and provide background. |
| Shephred | The servant who saved infant Oedipus and later reveals the truth of his parentage. |
| Corinth | The city where Oedipus was raised, believing the king and queen there were his real parents. |
| Laios | Former king of Thebes and Oedipus’s real father, whom Oedipus unknowingly kills. |
| Polybus | King of Corinth, who raised Oedipus as his own son. |
| Merope | Queen of Corinth and Oedipus’s adoptive mother. |
| Theseus | King of Athens who offers refuge to Oedipus in Oedipus at Colonus. |
| Polyneices | Son of Oedipus who wages war against Thebes and is denied a proper burial by Creon. |
| Eteocles | Son of Oedipus who defends Thebes but dies in battle against his brother Polyneices. |
| Eurydice | Creon’s wife who commits suicide after learning that her son Haemon has died. |
| The Furies | Mythological spirits of vengeance who pursue those guilty of serious crimes like patricide. |
| Nemesis | The goddess of retribution; represents the downfall due to excessive pride or wrongdoing |
| Dramatic irony | When the audience knows something the characters do not, such as Oedipus’s true identity. |
| Situational irony | When the opposite of what is expected occurs, like Oedipus fleeing his “parents” to avoid his fate and fulfilling it instead. |
| Verbal irony | When a character says one thing but means another, often with sarcasm or contradiction. |
| Motif | A recurring element (like blindness or prophecy) that has symbolic significance in a story. |
| Suppliant | Someone who begs or pleads humbly, as citizens do to Oedipus during the plague. |
| Anagnorisis | The moment of critical discovery or recognition, like when Oedipus realizes who he truly is. |
| Hubris | Excessive pride or arrogance that leads to a character’s downfall, seen in Oedipus’s actions. |
| Hamartia | A tragic flaw or error in judgment, such as Oedipus’s impulsiveness and pride. |
| Allusion | A reference to another work, event, or figure, often used for comparison or symbolism. |
| Theme | A central idea or message in a work, such as fate vs. free will in The Oedipus Cycle |
| Tragic hero | A noble character who has a tragic flaw and suffers a downfall, like Oedipus. |
| Oracle | A prophet or prophetic message, often delivered at Delphi, that reveals destiny. |
| Prophecy | A prediction about the future that typically comes true despite efforts to avoid it. |
| Soothsayer | A person who predicts the future, often another term for a prophet or oracle. |
| Logo | In rhetoric, the appeal to logic and reason. |
| Ethos | An appeal to credibility or character, used to gain trust in argument or speech. |
| Pathos | An appeal to emotion in persuasion or storytelling. |
| Tragedy | A serious drama with a sorrowful or disastrous conclusion, often involving a heroic character. |
| Catharsis | The emotional release felt by the audience at the end of a tragedy. |
| Freytag’s Pyramid | A plot structure model with exposition, rising action, climax, falling action, and resolution. |
| Peripeteia | A sudden reversal of fortune or change in circumstances, especially in a tragedy. |
| Fate | A predetermined course of events often seen as unavoidable in Greek tragedies. |
| Tyranny | A form of government in which a single ruler holds absolute power, often taken by force. |
| Capitalistic | Relating to an economic system based on private ownership and free markets. |
| Democratic | A system of government where power is held by the people through voting. |
| Socialistic | An economic system in which the government or community owns and controls production and distribution. |
| In-text citations | Should include the author’s last name and page number |
| Coordinating conjunctions | Connect equal ideas (e.g., for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so). |
| Subordinating | Connect a dependent clause to an independent clause (e.g., because, although, if). |
| Independent Clause | Can stand alone as a sentence. |
| Dependent clause | Cannot stand alone; needs an independent clause. |
| Compound Sentences | Two or more independent clauses joined by a conjunction or semicolon. |
| Complex | One independent and at least one dependent clause. |
| Capitalization | Always capitalize proper nouns, the first word in a sentence, and titles. |
| Run-on sentences | Two or more independent clauses improperly joined. |
| Fragment Sentences | Incomplete sentence lacking a subject or verb. |
| Parts of a Paragraph | Topic sentence, supporting details, and a concluding sentence. |
| Apostrophe “s” | Shows possession (e.g., the dog’s bone). |
| Plural “s” | Indicates more than one (e.g., dogs). |
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