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Cell respiration

QuestionAnswer
What is transpiration ? The loss of water vapor from the leaves and stems of plants
What structures control transpiration in leaves ? Stomata, regulated by guard cells
What environmental factors affect the rate of transpiration? Light intensity, temperature, humidity, and wind
How does the water move from roots to leaves ? Through the xylem via capillary action, cohesion, adhesion and transpiration pull
What is the function of the xylem ? To transport water and dissolved minerals from roots to leaves
What is the function of the phloem ? To transport sugars and other organic compounds from sources to sinks
What is translocation in plants ? The movement of organic compounds through the phloem
What are sources and sinks in phloem transport ? Sources are areas of sugar production and sinks are areas of sugar use or storage
What is the pressure-flow hypothesis ? It explains translocation: active transport loads sugars into phloem, creating pressure that drives sap toward sinks
What are meristems ? Regions of undifferentiated cells in plants that allow for growth
What is phototropism? Plant growth in response to light, controlled by auxin distribution
How does auxin affect plant growth ? Auxin promotes cell elongation, it accumulates on the shaded side of a plant, causing it to bend toward light
What is the difference between monocots and dicots ? Monocots have parallel veins, fibrous roots, and floral parts in multiples of 3. Dicots have net-like veins, taproots, and floral parts in multiples of 4 or 5
What is pollination ? The transfer of pollen from the anther to the stigma of a flower
What is fertilisation in plants ? The fusion of male and female gametes (sperm and egg) to form a zygote
What is seed dispersal, and why is it important ? The spread of seeds away from the parent plant to reduce competition and colonize new areas
Created by: zoeprns
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