Question 1

NOMINATIVE Subject:

Accepted Answer

Usually first in the sentence; does the action. Clue: Ask “who/what is doing the verb?” Ex: “Puella legit.” – The girl reads.

Question 2

NOMINATIVE Predicate Nominative:

Accepted Answer

After forms of esse or linking verbs. Clue: Noun after “est,” “fuit,” etc., that renames the subject. Ex: “Puella est magistra.” – The girl is a teacher.

Question 3

VOCATIVE Direct Address:

Accepted Answer

Set off by commas, often after “salve/vale.” Clue: Same form as nominative except 2nd decl. masculine -us → -e, -ius → -ī. Ex: “Salve, Marce!” – Hello, Marcus!

Question 4

GENITIVE Possession:

Accepted Answer

Answers “whose?” Clue: Often follows the noun it possesses. Ex: “Liber puellae.” – The girl’s book.

Question 5

GENITIVE Partitive

Accepted Answer

(“of the whole”): After part/amount words (pars, nihil, satis, multum). Ex: “Pars urbis.” – Part of the city.

Question 6

GENITIVE Objective:

Accepted Answer

Genitive is the object of a verbal noun (e.g. amor, timor). Ex: “Amor patriae.” – Love of country (the country is loved).

Question 7

GENITIVE Subjective:

Accepted Answer

Genitive is the subject of the action in a verbal noun. Ex: “Timor hostium.” – The fear of the enemies (the enemies do the fearing).

Question 8

GENITIVE Material/Source:

Accepted Answer

Describes what something is made from. Ex: “Corona auri.” – Crown of gold.

Question 9

GENITIVE Value/Indefinite Value:

Accepted Answer

Seen with pretii (of value), magni, parvi, etc. Ex: “Est magni.” – It is of great value.

Question 10

GENITIVE Charge:

Accepted Answer

Used with verbs like accuso, damno, insimulo. Ex: “Accusatus est proditionis.” – Accused of treason.

Question 11

GENITIVE Description:

Accepted Answer

Genitive + adjective modifying another noun. Ex: “Vir magnae virtutis.” – A man of great courage.

Question 12

GENITIVE Gerundive

Accepted Answer

gratia/causa: For sake of doing something. Ex: “Legendi causa.” – For the sake of reading.

Question 13

DATIVE Indirect Object:

Accepted Answer

Receives the direct object. Ex: “Puellae donum dat.” – He gives the gift to the girl.

Question 14

DATIVE Compound Verbs:

Accepted Answer

Verbs like appropinquare, praeficere, credere. Ex: “Approquinquavit urbī.” – He approached the city.

Question 15

DATIVE Special Intransitives:

Accepted Answer

Confidere, nocere, favere, parcere. Ex: “Nocuit militibus.” – He harmed the soldiers.

Question 16

DATIVE Impersonal Verbs:

Accepted Answer

Necesse est, licet, placet. Ex: “Licet puerō discedere.” – It is allowed for the boy to leave.

Question 17

DATIVE Reference:

Accepted Answer

Shows to whose advantage something is. Ex: “Mihi nomen est Marcus.” – The name is Marcus for me.

Question 18

DATIVE Purpose:

Accepted Answer

Often abstract noun in dative + verb like venit. Ex: “Auxilio venit.” – He came for help.

Question 19

Double Dative:

Accepted Answer

Purpose + reference. Ex: “Auxilio militibus venit.” – He came as a help to the soldiers.

Question 20

DATIVE Interest/Advantage:

Accepted Answer

Curae est, usui est. Ex: “Est curae mihi.” – It is a concern to me.

Question 21

DATIVE Personal Agent (passive periphrastic):

Accepted Answer

With gerundive + form of “esse”. Ex: “Hoc mihi faciendum est.” – This must be done by me. With certain adjectives: Idoneus, proximus, similis, amicus. Ex: “Proximus turrī.” – Near the tower.

Question 22

DATIVE Possession (with esse):

Accepted Answer

Ex: “Est puellae liber.” – The girl has a book.

Question 23

ACCUSATIVE Direct Object:

Accepted Answer

Receives action. Ex: “Puer librum legit.” – The boy reads the book.

Question 24

ACCUSATIVE Duration of Time:

Accepted Answer

Multos annos, totam noctem. Ex: “Dormivit quinque horas.” – He slept for five hours.

Question 25

ACCUSATIVE Extent of Space:

Accepted Answer

Centum pedes, duas vias. Ex: “Currit totum diem.” – He runs the whole day.

Question 26

ACCUSATIVE Place to Which:

Accepted Answer

With ad, in, sub + motion. Ex: “In urbem venit.” – He came into the city.

Question 27

ACCUSATIVE Subject of Indirect Statement:

Accepted Answer

Subject in accusative + infinitive. Ex: “Scio puerum venire.” – I know the boy is coming.

Question 28

ACCUSATIVE Predicate Accusative:

Accepted Answer

With verbs like vocare, facere, creare. Ex: “Puerum consulem creavit.” – He made the boy consul.

Question 29

ACCUSATIVE Predicate Acc. of Indirect Statement:

Accepted Answer

Ex: “Dico puerum stultum esse.” – I say the boy is foolish.

Question 30

ACCUSATIVE Purpose (supine):

Accepted Answer

4th principal part + -um after verb of motion. Ex: “Venit spectatum.” – He came to watch.

Question 31

ACCUSATIVE With prepositions:

Accepted Answer

ad, ante, per, prope, trans, post, inter, ob, contra, etc. Ex: “Ambulavit per viam.” – He walked through the road.

Question 32

ACCUSATIVE With gerundive + ad:

Accepted Answer

Purpose expression. Ex: “Ad legendum venit.” – He came to read.

Question 33

ABLATIVE Means/Instrument:

Accepted Answer

Tool used; no preposition. Ex: “Pugnat gladio.” – He fights with a sword.

Question 34

ABLATIVE Cause:

Accepted Answer

Why something happens. Ex: “Mortuus fame.” – He died from hunger.

Question 35

ABLATIVE Time When:

Accepted Answer

Tertia hora, illo die. Ex: “Nocte venit.” – He came at night.

Question 36

ABLATIVE Time Within Which:

Accepted Answer

Tribus diebus. Ex: “Tribus horis reveniet.” – He will return within 3 hours.

Question 37

ABLATIVE Respect:

Accepted Answer

In what regard something is true. Ex: “Maior natu.” – Older by birth.

Question 38

ABLATIVE Comparison:

Accepted Answer

With comparative adj., no “quam.” Ex: “Altior fratre.” – Taller than his brother.

Question 39

ABLATIVE Degree of Difference:

Accepted Answer

Often paulo, multo. Ex: “Multo maior.” – Much bigger.

Question 40

ABLATIVE Ablative Absolute:

Accepted Answer

Noun + participle, separated by commas. Ex: “Urbe capta, fugit.” – With the city captured, he fled.

Question 41

ABLATIVE Separation:

Accepted Answer

Sine, careo, libero; sometimes no preposition. Ex: “Periculo caret.” – He is free from danger.

Question 42

ABLATIVE Origin:

Accepted Answer

Ortus, natus, usually with ex. Ex: “Ex Asia venit.” – He came from Asia.

Question 43

ABLATIVE Price:

Accepted Answer

With verbs of buying/selling. Ex: “Vendit decem denariis.” – Sold for ten denarii.

Question 44

ABLATIVE Penalty:

Accepted Answer

Seen with multare. Ex: “Multatus capite.” – Punished with death.

Question 45

ABLATIVE Description:

Accepted Answer

Abl. + adjective. Ex: “Vir magna virtute.” – A man of great courage.

Question 46

ABLATIVE With certain adjectives:

Accepted Answer

dignus, contentus, plenus. Ex: “Dignus laude.” – Worthy of praise.

Question 47

ABLATIVE With deponent verbs:

Accepted Answer

utor, fruor, fungor, potior. Ex: “Utitur gladio.” – He uses a sword.

Question 48

ABLATIVE Material/Source:

Accepted Answer

Often with ex. Ex: “Factus ex auro.” – Made from gold.

Question 49

ABLATIVE Manner:

Accepted Answer

Often with cum, sometimes not if adjective is used. Ex: “Magna cum cura.” or “Magna cura.” – With great care.

Question 50

ABLATIVE Accompaniment:

Accepted Answer

Always with cum. Ex: “Cum amicis venit.” – He came with friends.

Question 51

ABLATIVE Personal Agent:

Accepted Answer

Passive verb + a/ab. Ex: “Occisus ab hoste.” – Killed by the enemy.

Question 52

ABLATIVE Place Where:

Accepted Answer

With in/sub + abl.  Ex: “In urbe est.” – He is in the city.

Question 53

ABLATIVE Place From Which:

Accepted Answer

With ab/de/ex. Ex: “Ex urbe venit.” – He came from the city.

Question 54

ABLATIVE Partitive:

Accepted Answer

Often with ex/de + plural noun. Ex: “Unus ex pueris.” – One of the boys.

Latin Uses

Noun what case and why practice

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