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2-7: Human Impacts
Human impact on ecosystems
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| human activities | Things people do that affect the environment, like farming, building cities, and using natural resources. |
| urbanization | The growth of cities as more people move into them, often changing the land and environment. |
| dams | Structures built to block rivers, usually to store water or make electricity, but they can also affect ecosystems. |
| invasive species | Plants or animals that are brought to a new place where they don’t belong and can harm the local environment. |
| solutions | Ideas or actions that help fix environmental problems. |
| simulations | Models or computer programs that show what might happen in real life, used to study ecosystems or test solutions. |
| technological innovations | New tools or machines created by people to solve problems or make life easier, sometimes used to help the environment. |
| legislation | Laws made by governments to protect the environment or control human activities. |
| anthropogenic changes | Changes in the environment that are caused by humans, like pollution or deforestation. |
| habitat destruction | When natural areas where animals and plants live are damaged or removed, often by building or farming. |
| pollution | Harmful substances added to the air, water, or land that can hurt living things. |
| overexploitation | Using natural resources too much or too quickly, like overfishing or cutting down too many trees. |
| climate change | Long-term changes in Earth’s temperature and weather patterns, mostly caused by human activities like burning fossil fuels. |
| disrupt | To interrupt or mess up how something normally works, like when pollution impacts a food chain. |
| speciation | The process where new species form over time, usually because of changes in the environment or isolation. |
| extinction | When a species completely dies out and no longer exists. |
| overpopulation | When there are too many individuals in one area, which can lead to a lack of resources like food and water. |
| productivity | How much energy or food is made by plants and passed through an ecosystem. |
| recreational | Activities people do for fun, like hiking or fishing, which can affect the environment if not managed well. |
| constraints | Limits or challenges that make it harder to solve a problem, like not having enough money or space. |
| cost | How much money, time, or resources something takes to do or build. |
| safety | How well something protects people and the environment from harm. |
| reliability | How well something works over time without failing. |
| aesthetics | How nice or attractive something looks, which can matter when designing parks or green spaces. |
| social impacts | How a decision or action affects people and communities. |
| cultural impacts | Activities people do for fun, like hiking or fishing, which can affect the environment if not managed well. |
| environmental impacts | How a decision or action affects nature, including animals, plants, air, water, and land. |
| Habitat fragmentation | the breaking up of a large habitat into smaller, separated areas that can make it harder for organisms to survive |
| Zoning | laws that control how land can be used, such as for homes, businesses, farms, or parks |
| Wildlife corridors | strips of habitat that connect separated natural areas and allow animals to move safely between them |
| Exotic pets | animals kept as pets that are not native to the area where they are being kept |
| Native plants | plants that naturally grow in a particular region without being introduced by people |
| Biomagnification | the process by which harmful chemicals become more concentrated in organisms at higher levels of a food chain |
| Microplastics | tiny pieces of plastic, usually smaller than 5 millimeters, that can pollute the environment and harm living things |
| pesticide | a chemical used to kill or control insects, weeds, fungi, or other pests |
| Nonrenewable resources | natural resources that cannot be replaced quickly once they are used, such as coal, oil, and natural gas |
| Renewable resources | natural resources that can be replaced naturally over time, such as sunlight, wind, and trees |
| Urban planning | the process of designing and organizing cities and towns to meet the needs of people and the environment |
| Renewable energy sources | sources of energy that are naturally replenished, such as solar, wind, hydroelectric, and geothermal energy |
| Managing waste | the process of reducing, collecting, reusing, recycling, and safely disposing of waste materials |
| poaching | the illegal hunting, capturing, or killing of wild animals |
| remediation | the process of cleaning up or improving a damaged or polluted environment |