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CHAPTER 13
NC CHAPTER 13 AW MNGMNT
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| MAIN FUNCTION OF VENTILATION | O2 IN CO2 OUT |
| POOR TECHNIQUE AND RUSHING TO ADVANCES INTERVENTION AND FAILURE TO REASSES LEADS TO | INCREASE IN PREHOSPITAL DEATH, INCREASES IN MORTALITY AND MORBIDITY |
| WHY IS A NASAL CAVITY INJURY BAD | UNABLE TO CONTROL BLEEDING WITH PRESSURE |
| WHAT ARE TURBINATES | 3 BONEY SHELVES ON THE LATERAL WALL FROM NASAL CAVITY TO NASAL PASSAGEWAY |
| WHAT INCREASES THE SURFACE AREA OF NASAL MUCOSA, WORKS TO IMPROVE WARMING, FILTERING AND HUMIDIFYING | TURBINATES |
| WHAT IS A NASAL SEPTUM | RIGID CARTILAGE DIVIDING NOSE LATERALLY L&R |
| WHAT HAPPENS WHEN A SINUS IS DAMAGED | CAN LEAK CSF FROM EARS AND NOSE |
| WHY DO YOU WANT TO KEEP THE SINUSES CLEAR FROM DEBRIS | THEY LEAD TO THE EUSTACHIAN TUBES AND TEAR DUCTS |
| HOW MANY ADULT TEETH DO WE HAVE | 32 |
| WHAT IS ATTACHED TO THE HYOID BONE | JAW, EPIGLOTIS, THYROID CARTILAGE AND BASE OF TONGUE |
| WHAT IS THE MOST COMMON CAUSE OF UPPER AW OBSTRUCTION | TONGUE |
| WHAT FORMS THE ANTERIOR OF THE PALETE | MAXILLA AND PALATINE BONES |
| WHERE ARE ADENOIDS | POSTERIOR NASOPHARYNGEAL WALL |
| WHAT ARE ADENOIDS | TONSILS MADE OF LYMPHATIC TISSUE FOR FILTERING AND TRAPPING BACTERIA |
| WHERE IS THE UVULA POSITIONED | HANGING ABOVE BASE OF TONGUE, POSTERIOR OF ORAL CAVITY |
| WHAT AND WHERE IS THE EPIGLOTIS | SUPERIOR TO THE GLOTTIS, FLAP TO STOP SOLIDS FROM ENTERING AW |
| WHERE IS THE VALLECULA AND WHY IS IT ANATOMICALLY IMPORTANT | BETWEEN THE BASE OF TONGUE AND EPIGLOTIS, A LANDMARK FOR TRACHEAL INTUBATIONS |
| WHAT SEPERATES THE UPPER AND LOWER AW | LARYNX |
| THE ADAMS APPLE IS... | THYROID CARTILAGE |
| ARYTENOID CATILAGE IS A GUIDE FOR | TRACH INTIBATION |
| PYRIFORM FOSSAE ARE WHERE | LATERAL BORDERS OF LARYNX/JAW |
| WHAT IS A LARYNGOSPASM | A SHORT SPASMODIC CLOSURE OF THE VOCA CORDS |
| WHAT IS TV | DEPTH OF BREATHING, VOLUME INH AND EXH DURING SINGLE RESP CYCLE |
| WHAT IS MINUTE VOLUME | AIR MOVEMENT/ MIN |
| WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN REGULAR VOLUME AND ALVEOLER VOLUME | ALVEOLAR VOLUME IS VOLUME THAT REACHES ALVEOLI FOR GAS EXCHANGE |
| WHAT IS Fi02 | FRACTION OF INSPIRED O2, % OF O2 IN INHALDED AIR |
| WHAT ARE THE MEDULLA AND PONS | NEURAL CONTROL CENTERS FOR VENTILATION |
| WHAT IS THE FEEDBACK LOOP THAT TERMINATES INHILATION AS A PROTECTIVE MEASURE | HERING-BREUR REFLEX |
| PHRENIC AND INTERCOSTAL ARE TWO TYPE OF WHAT | MOTOR NERVES |
| CHEMICAL CONTROLS OF RESPIRATION ARE (5 OF THEM) | CHEMORECEPTORS, CENTRAL CHEMORECEPTORS, CO2 CONTENT MONITORS, PRIMARY RESP DRIVE, HYPOXIC DRIVE |
| WHAT DO CHEMORECEPTORS DO | MONITOR O2 CO2 AND PH, CENTRAL CHEMORECEPTORS ARE IN BRAIN STEM AND DETECT CHANGES IN PH OF CSF |
| WHAT IS REPSIRATORY SPLINTING | PURPOSLY SHALLOW BREATHING TO ALEVIATE ALREADY EXISTING CHESTPAIN |
| FLAIL CHEST, DIAPHRAGM INJURY AND PNEUMOTHORACIES REDUCE WHAT FOR GAS EXCHANGE | SURFACE AREA |
| PRESSURE OF GAS IS THE SUM OF THE PARTIAL PRESSURE OF THE COMPONENTS OF THAT GAS OR PRESSURE EXERTED BY A SPECIFIC ATMOSPHERIC GAS | DALTONS LAW |
| NORMAL RESP RATE | 12-20 |
| SHOULD BREATHING BE NOTICABLE | NO, IT SHOULD APPEAR EFFORTLESS |
| CAUSE OF INADIQUATE VENTILATION | SEVERE INFECTION, TRAUMA, BRAIN STEM INSULT, NOXIOUS/O2 POOR ATMOSPHER, RENAL FAILURE |
| CNS IMPARMENT CAN CAUSE | RESPIRATORY DISTRESS |
| DIFF IN RESP RATE, REGULARITY, EFFOR, HYPOXEMIA HYPOXIA AND ANOXIA ARE SIGNS OF | DYSPNEA |
| COUGHING SNEEZING GAGGING GAG REFLEXES ASPIRATION SIGHING AND HICCUPS ARE WHAT | PROTECTIVE REFLEXES |
| PROLONGED GASPING INHILATIONS AND SHORT INNEFECTIVE EXPIRATIONS, ASSOCIATED WITH INSULT TO BRAIN STE, | APNEUSTIC |
| AGONAL BREATHING IS | SLOW SHALLOW IRREGULAR, OCCASIONAL GASPING, USUALLY AFTER HEART STOPS BUT BRAIN IS STILL SENDING BREATHING SIGNALS |
| BIOTS | IRREGULAR PERIODS OF APNEA |
| CRESCENDO DECRECENSO PATTERN INVOLVING APNEA | CHEYNE-STOKES |
| DEEP RAPDI HYPERVENTILATION, ASSOCIATED WITH KETOACIDOSIS | KUSSMAL |
| WHAT IS ONTARIO STANDARD FOR O2 SATS | 92-96 |
| WHEN DOES A PT REQUIRE AGGRESSIVE O2 THERAPY WHEN THEYRE SPO2 IS DROPPING | WHEN IT GETS TO 90 OR LOWER |
| WHAT DO WE WANT OUR END TIDAL CARBON DIOXIDE TO BE | 35-45 |
| IF A PT IS FOUND PRONE AND UNRESPONSIVE WHAT SHOULD YOU DO | CORRECT POSTION TO RECOVERY POSITION AS LONG AS NON TRAUMATIC |
| IF A PT IS SNORING WHAT IS CAUSING THAT OBSTRUCTION | PROBABLY THE TONGUE |
| SIGNS OF AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION | CHOKING, GAGGING STRIDOR DYSPNEA APHORIA AND DYSPHORIA |
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