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Gen Pharmacology
Chapter 10
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Absorption | The process by which medications travel through body tissues until they reach the bloodstream. |
Action | The therapeutic effect of a medication on the body. |
Activated Charcoal | An oral medication that binds and adsorbs ingested toxins in the GIl tract for treatment of some poisonings and med overdoses. Ground into a very fine powder that provides medications that have been taken by mouth; it is carried on the EMS Unit. |
Adsorption | The process of binding or sticking to a surface. |
Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid (ASA)) | A med that is an antipyretic (reduces fever), analgesic (reduces pain), anti-inflammatory, and potent inhibitor of platelet aggregation (clumping) |
Contraindictions | Conditions that make a particular medication or treatment inappropriate, for e.g., a condition in which a medication should not be given because it would not help or may actually harm a patient. |
Dose | The amount of medication given on the basis of the patient's size and age. |
Epinephrine | A medication that increases heart rate and blood pressure but also eases breathing problems by decreasing muscle tone of the bronchiole tree; you may be allowed to help the patient self-administer the medication. |
Gel | A semiliquid substance that is administered orally in capsule form or through plastic tubes. |
Generic Name | The original chemical name of a medication (in contrast with one of its "trade names"); the name is not capitalized. |
Hypoglycemia | An abnormally low blood glucose level. |
Indications | The therapeutic uses for a specific medication. |
Inhalation | Breathing into the lungs; a medication delivery route. |
Intramuscular (IM) injection | An injection into a muscle; a medication delivery route. |
Intraosseous (IO) | Into the bone; a medication delivery route. |
Intravenous (IV) injection | An injection directly into a vein; a medication delivery route. |
Metered-dose inhaler (MDI) | A miniature spray-canister through which droplets or particles of medication may be inhaled. |
Nitroglycerin | A medication that increases cardiac perfusion by causing arteries to dilate; you may be allowed to help the patient self-administer the medication. |
Oral | By mouth; a medication delivery route |
Oral glucose | A simple sugar that is readily absorbed by the bloodstream; it is carried on the EMS unit. |
Over-the-counter (OTC) medications | Medications that may be purchased directly by a patient without a prescription. |
Oxygen | A gas that all cells need for metabolism; the heart and brain, especially, cannot function without oxygen. |
Per os (PS) | Through the mouth; a medication delivery route; same as oral. |
Per rectum (PR) | Through the rectum; a medication delivery route. |
Pharmacology | The study of the properties and effects of medications. |
Polypharmacy | The use of multiple medications on a regular basis |
Prescription medications | medications that are distributed to patients only by pharmacists according to a physician's order. |
Side effects | Any effects of a medication other than the desired ones. |
Solution | A liquid mixture that cannot be separated by filtering or allowing the mixture to stand. |
Subcutaneous (SC) injection | Injection into the tissues between the skin and muscle; a medication delivery route. |
Sublingual (SL) | Under the tongue; a medication delivery route. |
Suspension | A mixture of ground particles that are distributed evenly throughout a liquid but do not dissolve. |
Topical medications | Lotions, creams, and ointments that are applied to the surface of the skin and affect only the area; a medication delivery route. |
Trade name | The brand name that a manufacturer gives a medications; the name is capitalized. |
Transcutaneous | Through the skin; a medication delivery route. |
Transdermal Medications | Medications that are designed to be absorbed through the skin (transcutaneously) |