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3-2: Variation

inheritable genetic variations results from four processes

TermDefinition
inheritable genetic variations Differences in DNA that can be passed from parents to their children, which can affect traits like eye color or height.
genetic combinations The mix of genes that a child gets from both parents, which makes each person unique.
meiosis A special kind of cell division that makes sex cells (sperm and eggs), each with half the usual number of chromosomes.
mutations Changes in DNA that can happen naturally or from the environment. Some mutations have no effect, while others can cause diseases or new traits.
genetic engineering A process where scientists change an organism’s DNA to give it new traits, like making crops resistant to pests.
biotechnology The use of living things or their parts (like cells or DNA) to make products or solve problems, such as making medicine or improving food.
sexual reproduction A way of making offspring that involves two parents, where the offspring get a mix of genes from both.
DNA replication The process where a cell makes an exact copy of its DNA before it divides.
sex cells Special cells (sperm in males and eggs in females) that are used in sexual reproduction and carry half the genetic information.
modified genetically When the DNA of an organism has been changed on purpose, usually to give it new abilities or traits.
Created by: user-1948443
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