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3-1: Role of DNA
Role of DNA in passage of traits from parents to offspring.
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| chromosomes | Thread-like structures found in the nucleus of cells that carry genetic information (DNA) passed from parents to offspring. |
| coding | Parts of DNA that contain instructions for making proteins, which help determine traits like eye color or blood type. |
| traits | Characteristics or features of an organism, such as hair color, height, or the ability to roll your tongue, that are passed down from parents. |
| non-coding | Parts of DNA that do not make proteins but can still have important roles, like helping control when and how genes are used. |
| expressed | When a gene is "turned on" and used by the cell to make a protein, which can affect how the body looks or works. |
| regulatory functions | Jobs done by parts of DNA or proteins that help control when, where, and how much a gene is used. |
| structural functions | Jobs done by proteins or other molecules that help build and support parts of the cell or body, like muscles or skin. |
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