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Concepts Chapter 8
Concepts 1
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Ethnicity | categorization of a group of people by a distinctive trait, such as the line of genealogy or ancestry, race, or nationality. |
| Culture | the way of life that distinguishes a particular group of people from other groups. It is the whole of the learned behaviors of individuals within a specific group. |
| The Joint Commission, the primary evaluation and accreditation agency for health-care facilities, | established that all patients have the right to receive medical care that is considerate of their culture, religion, and spirituality. |
| Cultural competence | requires that the nurse makes commitment to consider the cultural background of each patient and to provide appropriate care specific to that individual. |
| Transcultural nursing | care that crosses cultural boundaries or combines the elements of more than one culture. |
| What should a nurse consider when giving patient care? | The nurse should consider the patient's cultural beliefs, values, health, and illness in context with patient care. |
| theorist Madeline Leininger | offers insight into how nurses should care for the diverse communities they serve |
| Cultural diversity | differences between groups of people in a certain geographical area, such as a city, state, or country; a specific place, such as a church or factory; or a conceptual community, such as the medical community. |
| cultural awareness. | knowledge of various cultural beliefs and values |
| Cultural sensitivity | provide care to the patient and show respect for and incorporate the patient's specific cultural beliefs and values into your nursing care. |
| Cultural competence | occurs when the nurse provides care to the whole patient, incorporating within that care the cultural context of the patient's beliefs and values. |
| Scientifically Based Beliefs, Biomedical | Based on scientific research leading to best practices |
| Naturalistically or Holistically Based Beliefs | A healthy state is one of balances and harmony |
| Religiously Based Beliefs | Called magico-religious disease is caused by supernatural forces in health can be restored by supernatural forces |
| Folk healing | Beliefs and practitioners of specific alternative Therapies |
| Death And dying | One of the common areas in which a patient's beliefs may differ from those of his or her culture |
| Delivering culturally sensitive care | requires awareness of the patient's actions as the nurse performs the care. The nonverbal response becomes most important when there is a language barrier that may prevent the patient from expressing himself or herself. |
| BARRIERS TO HEALTH CARE | Economics • Education • Geography • Language • Stereotyping • Prejudice and discrimination • Misunderstandings |
| Economics | patients who are not insured or are underinsured may not be able to afford health care and may wait until their condition or illness becomes life-threatening before seeking care. |
| Education | the higher a person's level of education, the more health care is obtained. |
| Geography | Many rural areas have limited access to health-care providers and facilities, such as clinics or hospitals. Many low-income areas of larger cities have limited health-care providers and facilities as well. |
| Language | language barrier can make it difficult for an individual to gain access to health care. |
| Stereotyping | a person or group is looked at by another person or group through preconceived ideas and fixed impressions; it can also be defined as ideas or beliefs that lead to prejudice and possibly mistreatment. |
| Unconscious bias | an individual unconsciously stereotypes, judges, or discriminates against an individual or a group of people. |
| Prejudice | attitude, a determination, or a judgment about a person or group based on irrational suspicion or hatred of a particular group, race, sexual orientation or identity, or religion. |
| Discrimination | the action of unfair treatment of one or more persons or groups. |
| Misunderstanding | a barrier that is caused by a mistake of meaning or intention. |
| Religion | is the formal structured system of beliefs, values, rituals, and practices of a person or group, usually based on the teachings of a god or other spiritual leader. |
| Spirituality | is the descriptive term that explains the spirit and the relationship of the spirit to the body, mind, and environment, including the patient's relationship to others. |
| Spiritual care | begins with an understanding of the differences between spirituality and religion, in addition to an understanding of one's own spirituality, and beliefs addresses the possible effects of illness on the patient's belief system and spirituality. |
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angelinaaawhitee
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