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Concepts chapter 1
Concepts Unit 1
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Who was nursing care provided by in ancient history? | Male priest and family members |
| What town allowed women to study midwifery? | Salerno, Italy |
| Around what year were women allowed to study midwifery? | After the dark ages , 1000 AD |
| What were covenants established for? | Training caregivers and providing care for the sick |
| What are deaconesses ? | Religious women who served by helping the poor and sick they administered care similar to the modern day public health nurse |
| In the 1700 and 1800 what were hospitals known as? | not clean, nor were they places of hope. |
| Who cared for the sick in the 1700-1800 | "Sairey Gamps" cared for sick people. (Sairey Gamp was a fictional drunken midwife created by Charles Dickens. Her name became synonymous with low-class, poorly qualified health care workers.) Wealthier people cared for sick family members at home |
| When did modern nursing begin? | Mid 1800’s |
| What year was the first nursing school established? | 1836 |
| Who established the first nursing school? | Theodore Fliedner. |
| What did the educated nurses do that went to the first nursing school? | were then assigned to various places around the world to teach other women to be nurses. |
| What were the nurses that went to the first nursing school called? | Kaiserworth deaconesses, |
| Who was the most famous deaconess that came from the first nursing school? | Florence Nightingale |
| What war did Florence Nightingale serve in? | Crimean War |
| What did Florence Nightingale do? | Helped shape nursing |
| Where was the Nurses Associated Alumnae of the United States established? | Baltimore, Maryland |
| In what year was the Nurses Associated Alumnae of the United States established? | 1897 |
| What was the purpose of the Nurses Associated Alumnae of the United States | oversee training so as to protect patients from incompetent nurses. |
| American Society of Superintendents of Training Schools for Nurses Later became? | the National League for Nursing Education. |
| Why was the American Society of Superintendents of Training Schools for Nurses Established | set standards and rules in nursing education, and it continues to fulfill that function today. |
| When did some states pass the law requiring licensure for nurses and requirements to enter nursing school? | The early 1900’s |
| American Journal of Nursing was published When? | The early 1900’s |
| Why was the American Journal of Nursing published? | to help keep nurses aware of the newest medical information and the newest information about nursing education. |
| the first training program for practical nurses was established Where,in what year? | New York at the young women’s Christian association (ywca), 1892 |
| Why was the first practical nursing program established? | to help meet the need for educated bedside nurses, recruiting those who "had a special way with the sick." |
| What year did states require practice nurses to be licensed? | 1955 |
| What states don’t use the phrase LPN and use LVN instead? | California and Texas |
| Clara Barton | Known as the "Angel of the Battlefield" during the U.S. Civil War, she cared for soldiers both from the North and the South. She was the first president of the Red Cross Association, now the American Red Cross. |
| Dorothea Dix | An activist for better mental health care and the establishment of psychiatric hospitals, she was appointed the Superintendent of Female Nurses in the Army in 1861, she was only a retired teacher. |
| Florence Nightingale | Established modern nursing, attended the first nursing school in 1855, |
| Where was the nightingale nursing school established? | London, England |
| Mary Mahoney | The first African American nurse in the United States, she worked tirelessly to improve acceptance for African Americans in nursing. |
| What association did Mary Mahoney establish? | National Association for Colored Graduate Nurses, |
| Linda Richards | Recognized as the first "trained nurse" in the United States, |
| Where did Linda Richard’s graduate from ? | Boston's New England Hospital for Women and Children in 1872. |
| Who became the foundation for modern nurse's notes. and later went to Japan on a medical mission and established the first school of nursing there. | Linda Richards |
| Isabel Hampton Robb | An activist for nursing labor reform in the late 1800s, she helped usher in 12-hour shifts with meal breaks for nurses, when 24 hours had been standard. |
| Who establishing a 3-year training program for nurses and worked for licensure examinations and nursing registration? | Isabel Hampton Robb |
| Mary Adelaide Nutting, Lilian Wald, and Annie Goodrich were known as? | The great trio |
| What did Mary Adelaide Nutting contribute to nursing? | established the Nursing and Teachers College at Columbia University, where she was the first professor of nursing. |
| What did Lilian Wald contribute to nursing ? | opened the Henry Street Settlement to provide health care to the poor. |
| What did Annie Goodrich contribute to nursing? | establishing nursing as a profession. She received the Distinguished Service Award for developing the Army School of Nursing. She also served as the director of the Visiting Nursing Service at the Henry Street Settlement. |
| Who served as the dean of nursing at Yale University and as president of the American Nurses Association. | Annie Goodrich |
| licensed practical/vocational nurse (LPN/LVN) | the most basic of all the entry-level options for nurses. The educational programs range from 9 months to 1 year for full-time programs and generally 18 months to 2 years for part-time programs. |
| What does NCLEX -PN stand for? | National Council Licensure Examination for Practical Nursing |
| Associate Degree Nurse | entry-level educational option for registered nurses. Students in these programs attend a private or community college for a minimum of 2 years to obtain their associate degree in nursing. |
| diploma program nurse | educated in a hospital-based nursing education program, of which few remain, Diploma programs last about 3 years, often with required summer sessions.Graduates of these programs also take the NCLEX-RN for licensure to become RNs. |
| baccalaureate degree nurse (BSN) | provides another entry into nursing. Students who choose this option enter a university to pursue their nursing education. They take all required courses for a 4-year college |
| SCOPE OF PRACTICE | the limitations and allowances of what they can do as nurses. |
| nurse practice act, | A law governing nurses actions , This law is written to specifically address each level of nursing. |
| The Board of Nursing | determines and enforces the contents of the nurse practice act. Specific allowances or limitations vary from state to state. |
| Nursing is considered both? | An art and science |
| LPN/LVN Student Organizations | Health Occupations Students of America (HOSA) and the National Association of Licensed Practical Nurses (NALPN) |
| NALPN was established when? | 1949 by Lillian Custer, |
| Nursing theories | ideas that a particular nurse or nurse educator has developed to explain the purpose and focus of nursing. Each theory addresses the theorist's views regarding the person, environment, health, and nursing itself. |
| Peplau, Hildegard E. | 1952, Interpersonal relationships model: interpersonal communication can improve mental health |
| Henderson, Virginia | 1955, 14 basic needs addressed by nursing care; definition of nursing; do for patients what they cannot do for themselves |
| Abdellah, Faye G. | 1960, 21 nursing problems; deliver care to the whole person |
| Orlando, Ida Jean | 1961, Interpersonal process; nursing process theory |
| Wiedenbach, Ernestine | 1964, Purpose of nursing is to support and meet patients' need for help; nursing is a helping art |
| Levine, Myra | 1967, Conservation model, published in 1973; designed to promote adaptation of the person while maintaining wholeness or health |
| Johnson, Dorothy | 1968,1980 The behavioral system model; incorporates five principles of systems thinking to establish a balance or equilibrium (adaptation) in the person; the patient is a behavioral system consisting of subsystems |
| Rogers, Martha | 1970, The science of unitary human beings focuses on the betterment of humankind through new and innovative modalities; maintaining an environment free of negative energy is important |
| Orem, Dorothea | 1971, The self-care deficit nursing theory explains what nursing care is required when people are not able to care for themselves; the goal is to help client attain total self-care |
| King, Imogene | 1971, interacting systems framework,explains the organized wholes within which nurses are expected to function. and theory of goal attainment, which focuses on mutual goal setting between a nurse and patient and the process for meeting the goals |
| Neuman, Betty | 1972, Neuman systems model is based on general systems theory (a nonnursing theory) and reflects the nature of living organisms as open systems |
| Roy, Sr., Callista | 1974, Adaptation model was inspired by the strength and resiliency of children; the model relates to the choices people make as they adapt to illness and wellness |
| Leininger, Madeleine M. | 1978,1984 Cultural care diversity and universality theory; caring theory |
| Newman, Margaret | 1979 Theory of health as expanding consciousness describes nursing intervention as nonintervention, where the nurse's presence helps patients recognize their own pattern of interacting with the environment |
| Watson, Jean | 1979 Caring theory; nursing is an interpersonal process |
| Parse, Rosemarie Rizzo | 1981 Theory of human becoming focuses on the human-universe-health process and knowledge related to human becoming (or reaching one's potential) |
| Benner, Patricia, and Wrubel, Judith | 1989 Primacy of caring model; caring is central to the model and helps the client cope with stressors of illness |
| evidence-based practice | problem-solving approach to delivering health care. This approach uses the best evidence from nursing research studies and patient care data; it also considers the patient's preferences and values. |
| Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN) | established in 2005. The project focuses on the knowledge, skills, and attitudes (KSAs) needed by nurses to continually improve the quality and safety of patient care. It includes prelicensure KSAs for nursing students and graduate KSAs. |
| What 6 areas does Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN) focus on? | Patient centered care, teamwork and collaboration, Evidence based practice, quality improvement, safety, and informatics |
| Patient-Centered Care | the patient and their family members as the center of care and as a full partner as nurses provide compassionate and coordinated care. |
| Clinical judgment | the quality nurses develop to know when to act and when to wait and watch. |
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