Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
minerals
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Igneous Rocks Classified | formed from intense heat that comes from magma or lava. |
| Extrusive Rocks | igneous rocks formed from lava that erupted onto Earth's surface |
| intrusive Rocks | gneous rocks formed from magma that hardens beneath Earth's surface. |
| texture | depends upon the size and shape of the crystals |
| Porphyritic texture | : large crystals surrounded by small crystals, which form |
| Uses of Igneous Rocks | Used because they are hard, dense, and durable |
| Basalt | gravel |
| Pumice | cleaning and polishing |
| Perlite | soil mixes |
| Obsidian | sharp tools |
| Granite | building materials |
| Mineral Composition | Mineral Composition |
| Origin | |
| Sedimentary | forms in layers |
| Igneous | forms from magma or lava |
| Metamorphic: | formed deep underground |
| Sedimentary Rocks Classified | formed from layers of sediment deposited by water and wind; sediment: small solid pieces of rock or living things. |
| Changing sediments to rocks: | A. Erosion: wind or water carry sediments B. Deposition: when the water or wind stops carrying the sediments C. Compaction: presses sediments together D. Cementation: when dissolved minerals and sediment glue together. |
| Types of Sedimentary Rocks | formed sedimentary rocks are squeezed together |
| Examples | hale, sandstone, conglomerate, and breccia B. Organic Rocks: formed when layers of plants and animals are deposited in thick |
| Examples | coal, and limestone |
| . Chemical Rocks | when minerals are dissolved in a solution crystallize |
| Uses of Sedimentary Rocks: | A. Limestone and sandstone: building materials B. Coal: fossil fuel |
| The Rock Cycle | Forces inside the Earth and at the surface of the Earth produce a rock cycle that builds, destroys, and changes the rocks in the crust. |
| plate Tectonics | 2 type |
| Subducting Oceanic Plates: | Plate movements (downward) drive the rock cycle by pushing rocks back into the mantle, where they melt become magma ag B. Colliding Continental Plates: Plate movement that causes folds, faul\ |
| Soil forms in distinct layers, or horizons, known as the soil profile | orizon (organic matter), A horizon (topsoil), E horizon (eluvial layer), B horizon (subsoil), C horizon (weathered parent material), and R horizon (bedrock). |
| O Horizon (Organic Layer): | O Horizon (Organic Layer): This is the uppermost layer, composed of organic matter like decaying leaves, plant matter, and humus. |
| A Horizon (Topsoil): | This is the fertile, dark-colored layer where most plant roots grow, containing a mix of organic matter and mineral particles. |
| E Horizon (Eluvial Layer) | This is a light-colored layer that has been leached of clay, iron, and organic matter as water percolates through the soil. |
| B Horizon (Subsoil): | This layer is typically lighter in color than the topsoil and contains minerals and clay that have been leached from the upper layers. |
| C Horizon (Weathered Parent Material): | This layer consists of partially altered bedrock and is the transition zone between the soil and the underlying bedrock. |
| R Horizon (Bedrock): | This is the solid rock layer that lies beneath the soil. |
Created by:
user-1903042
Popular Science sets