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9th gr science
9th gr macromolecules of life
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what is the function of carbohydrates? | living things use them as their main source of energy. plants and animals use them for structural purposes |
| organic compounds of living matter | carbohydrates, lipids, protein, and nucleic acid |
| monosaccharide example | glucose, galactose, and fructose |
| glucose | C6H12O6 |
| what is formed by dehydration synthesis? | monosaccharide |
| two monosaccharides combine to form larger carbohydrates | dehydration synthesis |
| disaccharide examples | sucrose, maltose,and lactose |
| sucrose | C12H22O11 |
| biggest type of carbohydrate | polysaccharide |
| polysaccharide examples | glycogen and cellulose |
| polysaccharides are split apart to break down monosaccharides | hydrolysis |
| what a steroid is | lipid |
| what stores energy and forms biological membranes | lipid |
| examples of lipids | glycol and three fatty acids |
| lipids | fat |
| types of lipids | saturated, unsaturated, and polyunsaturated |
| function of protein | control rate of reactions and regulate cell processes |
| function of protein | used to form bones and muscles |
| function of protein | transport substances into or our of cells or help fight disease |
| protein examples | amino acid |
| there are twen different types of these | amino acid |
| examples of proteins | alanine, serine, and prolius |
| function of nucleic acids | store and transmit genetic information |
| nucleic acid examples | nucleotide |
| nucleotide | five carbon sugar, phosphate group, and a nitrogen base |
| nucleotic polymer examples | RNA and DNA |
| monomers | monosaccharides, glycerol and 3 fatty acids, amino acid and nucleotides |
| polymers | disaccharides, polysaccharides, lipids, protein, and nucleic acids |
| speed up chemical reactions and are not used up | enzymes |
| biological catalysts | enzymes |
| lower the activation of energy needed for a chemical reaction | enzymes |
| monomer + monomer - polymer= | macromolecule |
| poly | many |
| mono | one |
| macro | big |
| groups of chemical compounds | inorganic and organic |
| primarily do not contain carbon | inorganic compounds |
| considered the natural world and include water, soil, sand | inorganic compounds |
| carbon containing | organic compounds |
| unique element because of its remarkable ability to form covalent bonds that are strong and stable | organic compounds |
| has a total of six electrons | carbon |
| has four valence electrons which can bond with another atom | carbon |
| can form chains of almost unlimited length by bonding to other carbon cycles | carbon |
| carbon chains can do this | form rings and be single, double, or triple covalent bonds |
| how many carbon based compounds are formed by this chemical process | polymerization |
| large compounds are constructed by joining together smaller compounds | polymerization |
| these join together to form polymers | monomers |
| monomers join together to form these | polymers |
| monomers | smaller compounds |
| macromolecules | giant macromolecules |
Created by:
fhershey
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