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| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the biosphere | All living communities on Earth |
| What are the two major factors influencing global patterns of life | Amount of solar radiation and patterns of atmospheric/oceanic circulation |
| What happens to solar energy as it passes through Earth's atmosphere | About half is absorbed, and UV-B is strongly absorbed by the ozone layer |
| What is the angle of incidence | The angle at which the Sun's rays strike Earth, affecting climate |
| How do Earth's orbit and rotation affect climate | They cause the seasons and influence global climate patterns |
| What causes global air circulation | Heating at the equator causes warm, moist air to rise |
| What is the Coriolis Effect | Curvature of wind paths due to Earth's rotation |
| In which direction does the Coriolis Effect cause winds to curve in the Northern Hemisphere | To the right |
| In which direction does the Coriolis Effect cause winds to curve in the Southern Hemisphere | To the left |
| What is a rain shadow | Dry area on the leeward side of a mountain where rain does not fall |
| How does elevation affect temperature | Temperature drops about 6°C for every 1,000 meters of elevation |
| What is a microclimate | A highly localized set of climatic conditions |
| What is a biome | A major type of ecosystem characterized by its vegetation and climate |
| How are biomes named | According to their vegetational structures |
| What is the biodiversity crisis | A rapid, high rate of species extinction happening now |
| What percentage of species known to science are now extinct | Over 99% |
| What percentage of current species could be extinct by mid-century | About 20% |
| How did Homo sapiens impact North American megafauna | Through hunting and forest clearing, about 80% went extinct |
| Why has Africa had fewer mass extinctions | Species coevolved with humans there |
| Where have the majority of recent extinctions occurred | On islands |
| Why are island species more vulnerable to extinction | Evolved without predators and have small population sizes |
| Why is the current mass extinction particularly concerning | Recovery could take millions of years, and humans are using critical resources |
| What is habitat | The natural environment where organisms live and meet life needs |
| What is habitat loss | Reduction in the space where a species can survive and reproduce |
| What are some natural causes of habitat loss | Volcanism, wildfire, landslides |
| What are some human causes of habitat loss | Agriculture, development, water diversion, ocean trawling |
| What was the Texas Blackland Prairie | A large prairie ecosystem, now less than 1% remains |
| What disappears first as habitat is lost according to the Body Size Rule | Larger-bodied species |
| What disappears first as habitat is lost according to the Home Range Rule | Species with the widest home ranges |
| What disappears first as habitat is lost according to the Trophic Rule | Top predators |
| What is Lyme disease | A vector-borne disease caused by Borrelia burgdorferi, transmitted by ticks |
| How is habitat loss linked to Lyme disease increase | Loss of predators and tick consumers led to more disease-carrying mice and ticks |
Created by:
deeznutsofat
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