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1-4: Cell division
Cell division (mitosis) and differentiation.
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| mitosis | The process where a single cell divides to make two identical cells, helping with growth and repair in the body. |
| differentiation | The process where cells become specialized to do specific jobs, like muscle cells or nerve cells. |
| growth | The increase in size and number of cells in an organism, helping it get bigger and stronger. |
| development | The changes an organism goes through as it grows, including forming different parts and systems. |
| cancer | A disease where cells grow uncontrollably and form tumors, which can damage the body. |
| stem cell research | The study of special cells that can turn into different types of cells, useful to understand diseases and develop treatments. |
| fertilized egg | The cell formed when a sperm cell joins with an egg cell, starting the process of developing a new organism. |
| parent cell | The original cell that divides to form new cells during processes like mitosis. |
| chromosome pair | Two chromosomes that are similar in size and shape, one from each parent, carrying genetic information. |
| daughter cells | The two new cells formed when a parent cell divides during mitosis. |
| tissues | Groups of similar cells that work together to perform a specific function, like muscle or skin. |
| organs | Parts of the body made up of different tissues that work together to perform specific functions, like the heart or lungs. |