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1-1: Central Dogma

DNA determines the structure of proteins

TermDefinition
DNA The molecule in our cells that holds our genetic information, like a blueprint for building and running our bodies.
proteins Large molecules made of amino acids that do many important jobs in our bodies, like building tissues and speeding up chemical reactions.
life functions Basic activities that all living things do to stay alive, such as respiration, nutrition, growth, and regulation.
specialized cells Cells that have specific jobs, like nerve cells that send signals or muscle cells that help us move.
transcription The process where the information in DNA is copied into messenger RNA (mRNA), which carries the instructions to make proteins.
translation The process where the information in mRNA is used to build proteins by linking together amino acids in the right order.
gene expression The process by which information from a gene is used to make proteins, which determine traits and functions in the body.
enzymes Proteins that speed up chemical reactions in our bodies, helping processes like digestion and metabolism happen faster.
structural proteins Proteins that give support and shape to cells and tissues, like collagen in skin and keratin in hair.
cell receptors Proteins on the surface of cells that receive signals from other cells or the environment, helping cells respond to changes.
hormones Chemical messengers made by glands that travel through the bloodstream to regulate body functions like growth and metabolism.
antibodies Proteins made by the immune system that help protect the body by recognizing and neutralizing harmful invaders like bacteria and viruses.
genes Segments of DNA that contain the instructions for making proteins and determine our traits, like eye color and height.
Created by: user-1948443
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