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CH 12 Axial Skeleton

BIOL 2401 Practical 3 Vocabulary

QuestionAnswer
Frontal Bone Anterior portion of the cranium, forms forhead, superior part of the orbit, floor of anterior cranial fossa.
Glabella Smooth area between the eyes.
Frontal Sinus Cavity within the front bone.
Supraorbital Foramen Passage for nerves and blood vessels under skin under eyebrow.
Parietal Bone Either of two skull bones between the front and occipital bones and forming the top and sides of the cranium.
Coronal Suture Union between the parietal and front bones of the skull.
Sagittal Suture Union between parietal bones.
Temporal Bone Bone that forms parts of the side of the skull and floor of the cranial activity. There is a right and left temporal bone.
Mastoid Process Round projection on the temporal bone behind the ear.
Styloid Process Pole-like process extending downward from the temporal bone on each side of the skull.
Zygomatic Process A bridge-like projection that articulates with the zygomatic bone to form the zygomatic arch.
Mandibular Fossa The depression in the temporal bone into which the condyle of the mandible fits.
Squamous Suture Suture between the parietal and temporal bones.
Sphenoid Bone Forms part of the base of the skull and parts of the floor and slides of the orbit.
Ethmoid Bone Forms part of the posterior portion of the nose, the orbit, and the floor of the cranium.
Occipital Bone Bone that forms the base of the skull.
Lambdoid Suture Union betwen parietal bones and the occipital bone.
Maxilla Bone Upper jawbone.
Palatine Process Forms the anterior portion of the hard palate (roof) of the mouth; also forms parts of the nasal cavity and eye orbits.
Alveolar Margin of Maxilla Inferior margin of maxilla containing socekts for teeth.
Palatine Bone Either of two irregularly-shaped bones that form the back of the hard palate and haleps to form the nasal cavity and the floor of the orbits.
Nasal Bone Forms the bridge of the nose.
Zygomatic Bone Arch of bone beneath the eye that forms the prominence of the cheek.
Lacrimal Bone Small, fragile bone making up part of the front inner walls of each eye socket and providing room for the passage of the lacrimal ducts.
Inferior Nasal Conchae The lowermost scroll-shaped bones on the sidewalls of the nasal cavity.
Vomer Forms the inferior portion of the nasal septum.
Mandible Lower jaw.
Mandibular Condyle Articulation point of mandible with the mandibular fossa of the temporal bone.
Coronoid Process Part of mandible.
Ramus of Mandible Verticle part of mandible.
Angle of Mandible A bony angle formed by the junction of the posterior edge of the ramus of the mandible and the inferior surface of the body.
Body of Mandible The horizontal portion of the lower jaw.
Alveolar Margin of Mandible Superior margin of the mandible; contains sockets in which the teeth lie.
Mandibular Foramen Hole on the internal surface of the ramus, passage for Cranial Nerve V (Trigeminal).
Mental Foramen Paired holes on the anterior portions of mandible.
External Auditory Meatus Ear hole.
Stylomastoid Foramen Hole found in temporal bone between the styloid and mastoid processes.
Foramen Magnum A large opening through the occipital bone through which the brain connects to the spinal cord.
Occipital Condyles Articulate with first cervical vertebra.
External Occipital Protuberance Bump on back of head.
Greater Wing of Sphenoid Bone Forms part of cranial vault floor and wall of the orbit.
Lesser Wing of Sphenoid Bone Forms part of cranial vault floor.
Sella Turcica of Sphenoid Bone Houses the pituitary gland.
Sphenoid Sinus Found deep within the skull behind the Ethmoid sinuses; they are small cavities approximately the size of a large grape.
Pterygoid Process Process of the sphenoid bone, consisting of two plates.
Crista Galli Part of the ethmoid bone, connection point for falx cerebri.
Cribriform Plate Horizontal plate of the ehtmoid bones that separates cranial cavity from the nasal cavity.
Perpendicular Plate Forms superior part of nasal septum.
Superior Nasal Concha Turbinate bone, projects from ethmoid bone.
Middle Nasal Concha Turbinate bone, projects from ethmoid bone.
Incisive Fossa The depression between the mental eminence and the inferior incisor teeth. Functions as passage for nerves and blood vessels.
Infraorbital Foramen Opening under the orbit carrying the infraorbital nerves and blood vessels of the nasal region.
Maxillary Sinus Sinus on either side of the nasal cavity below the eyes.
Optic Canal Allows the optic nerve to pass to the eye.
Superior Orbital Fissure Gap in the orbit wall between the greater and lesser wings of sphenoid bone.
Inferior Orbital Fissure Gap in the orbit wall between the maxilla and greater wing of sphenoid.
Foramen Rotundum Passage for arteries and nerves.
Foramen Ovale Passage for arteries and nerves.
Foramen Spinosum Passage for arteries and nerves.
Foramen Lacerum Passage for arteries and nerves.
Carotid Canal passage for internal cartoid artery.
Jugular Foramen Passage for jugular veins
Hyoid Bone U-shaped bone at the base of the tongue that supports the tongue and its muscles.
Body of Vertebrae Thick, disc-shaped anterior portion which is the weight-bearing portion.
Spinous Process Sharp, slender projection.
Transverse Process Two lateral projections from the vertebral arch.
Intervertebral Foramen Opening formed by the inferior and superior notches on the pedicles of adjacent vertebrae. Allows passage of spinal nerves and vessels.
Vertebral Foramen Canal through which spinal cord passes.
Transverse Foramen Openings in transverse processes of cervical vertebrae for the passage of the vertebral artery and vein.
Odontoid Process (Dens) Process of the axis which passes through the vertebral foramen of the atlas.
Cervical Vertebrae C1-C7; have transverse foramen.
Thoracic Vertebrae Long, spinal process oriented downward, costal facets.
Lumbar Vertebrae Thick, short body, more horizontal spinous processes, superior and inferior articular processes present.
Sacrum Bone formed from five fused vertebrae at the base of the spinal column.
Median Sacral Crest Remnant of the spinous processes of the fused vertebrae.
Sacral Alae Region of sacrum where it articulates with ilium (left and right sides).
Sacral Foramina Holes for passage of blood vessels and nerves.
Sacral Canal Continuation of vertebral canal.
Sacral Hiatus Inferior opening of the sacral canal.
Sacral Promontory Anterior lip of the base (superior end) of the sacrum.
Coccyx Four vertebrae fused together to form the tailbone.
Sternum Breastbone.
Manubrium Upper portion of the sternum.
Jugular Notch Central indentation in superior border of manubrium.
Body of Sternum The bony structure that forms the middle portion of the sternum.
Sternal Angle Horizontal ridge across front of sternum where the manbrium joins the sternal body.
Xiphoid Process Inferior portion of the sternum.
Head of Rib Posterior end of a rib that articulates with the bodies of thoracic vertebrae.
Neck of Rib Between head and tubercle.
Tubercule of Rib Small bump on the posterior side of a rib for articulation with transverse process of a thoracic vertebra.
Shaft of Rib The body of the rib.
Costal Groove Groove on the inferior sidce of the rib shaft.
True Ribs Ribs 1-7 that have a direct attachment fo the sternum via the cartilage of rib 7.
False Ribs Ribs 8-10 that has an indirect attachment to the sternum via the cartilage of rib 7.
Floating Ribs Ribs 11-12 have no cartilaginous attachment to the sternum.
Intervertebral Discs Fibrocartilage pads that separate and cushion the vertebrae.
Hypoglossal Canal Passage for CN XII through occipital condyles.
Internal Acoustic Meatus A passage for CN VIII from the inner ear to the brain.
Created by: Paiger89
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