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Cranial Nerves
| I: Olfactory (Sensory) | Function: Sense of smell Test: Smell substance with eyes closed (test each nostril separately) |
| II: Optic (Sensory) | Function: Vision Test: • Snellen chart • Ophthalmoscopic exam • Confrontation to check peripheral vision |
| III: Oculomotor (Motor) | Function: Ocular (eye) motor (movement) Controls most eye movements, pupil constriction & upper-eyelid rise Test: • Look up, down & inward • Ask the patient to follow your finger as you move it towards their face |
| IV: Trochlear (Motor) | Function: Downward & inward eye movement Test: • Look up, down & inward • Ask the patient to follow your finger as you move it towards their face |
| V: Trigeminal (Both) | Function: MOTOR: Mastication (biting & chewing) SENSORY: Facial sensation Test: • Apply pressure on forehead, cheek & jaw with a cotton swab to check sensation • Ask the patient to open their mouth & then bite down |
| VI: Abducens (Motor) | Function: Parallel eye movement Abduction: moving laterally, away from midline Test: • Look up, down & inward • Ask the patient to follow your finger as you move it towards their face |
| VII: Facial (Both) | Function: MOTOR: Facial expression SENSORY: Taste (sweet & salty) Test: • Ask the patient to make different facial expressions (frown, smile, raise eyebrows, close eyes, blow) • Test tongue by giving the patient sour, sweet, bitter & salty substances |
| VIII: Vestibulocochlear / Acoustic (Sensory) | Function: Balance & hearing Test: • Stand with eyes closed • Otoscopic exam • Rinne & Weber tests |
| IX: Glossopharyngeal (Both) | Function: MOTOR: Tongue movement & swallowing SENSORY: Taste (sour & bitter)b IX X XI XII Test: Test tongue by giving patient sour, bitter & salty substances |
| X: Vagus (Both) | Function: MOTOR: Swallowing, speaking & coughing SENSORY: Facial sensation Test: Test the sensation coming from the skin around the patient’s ear |
| XI: Spinal Accessory (Motor) | Function: Strength of neck & shoulder muscles Test: Ask the patient to rotate their head & shrug their shoulders |
| XII: Hypoglossal (Motor) | Function: Tongue movement (swallowing & speech) Test: Inspect the patient’s tongue & ask them to stick their tongue out |
Created by:
alno26
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