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Biology sate test

TermDefinition
Cell the smallest structural and functional unit of an organism, typically microscopic and consisting of cytoplasm and a nucleus enclosed in a membrane.
Hooke observation of cells under a microscope, particularly in cork, was a foundational step in developing cell theory
Schwann all living organisms are composed of cells, and that cells are the basic structural and functional units of life.
Schleiden all plant tissues are composed of cells and that an embryonic plant develops from a single cell
Virchow all cells arise from pre-existing cells to lay the groundwork for cellular pathology, or the study of disease at the cellular level.
Virus an infectious agent that can only replicate within a host organism.
Living/nonliving living thing refers to things that are now or once were alive. A non-living thing is anything that was never alive.
Genetic material the hereditary substance, typically DNA, that carries all the information specific to an organism.
Stimulus any detectable change in the environment, either internal or external, that leads to a physiological or behavioral response in an organism
Evolve/adapt Adaptation is the process of adjusting something to better match it's environment or situation. Evolution is a broad term that refers to any change in anything over time.
Nucleus a membrane-bound organelle within eukaryotic cells that houses the cell's genetic material, typically DNA.
Cytoskeleton a structure that helps cells maintain their shape and internal organization
Endoplasmic reticulum a complex, continuous network of membranes in eukaryotic cells that plays a crucial role in protein synthesis, modification, and transport, as well as lipid and steroid synthesis.
Ribosome essential molecular machines within all living cells, responsible for synthesizing proteins.
Golgi apparatus a vital cell organelle responsible for processing and packaging proteins and lipids
Lysosome a small, membrane-bound organelle found in many animal cells, primarily acting as the cell's waste disposal system
Mitochondria double-membrane bound organelles found in most eukaryotic cells, often referred to as the "powerhouses" of the cell because they generate most of the cell's energy.
Chloroplast a cell organelle found in plant and algal cells, responsible for carrying out photosynthesis
Vacuole a membrane-bound sac within a cell, acting as a storage space for various substances like water, nutrients, and waste products.
Cell membrane a crucial structure that surrounds all cells, separating the cell's interior from its external environment
Meiosis a type of cell division that produces four genetically unique gametes (sperm or egg cells) from a single parent cell, each with half the number of chromosomes
Diploid containing two complete sets of chromosomes, one from each parent.
Haploid having a single set of unpaired chromosomes.
Gamete a mature haploid male or female germ cell which is able to unite with another of the opposite sex in sexual reproduction to form a zygote.
Somatic cell any cell of a living organism other than the reproductive cells.
Egg refers to the female reproductive cell, also known as an ovum or gamete, which contains a single set of chromosomes
Tetrad a group of four sister chromatids formed during meiosis, specifically during prophase
Sperm male reproductive cells, essential for fertilization of an egg, which initiates pregnancy
Homologous chromosome matched pairs of chromosomes, one inherited from each parent, that have the same genes in the same order.
Nondisjunction the failure of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids to separate properly during cell division (mitosis or meiosis), resulting in an abnormal number of chromosomes in daughter cells
Created by: rhae brown
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