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20 Flash Cards

Benchmark Review

TermDefinition
Active Transport the movement of molecules across a cell membrane from lower concentration to higher concentration, requiring ATP
Passive Transport the movement of molecules with the concentration gradient, requiring no ATP
Concentration Gradient difference in the concentration of a substance between two areas
Hypotonic during osmosis when water moves INTO a cell; the cell swells.
Hypertonic during osmosis when the water moves OUT OF a cell; the cell shrinks
Isotonic during osmosis when the water moves in and out at an equal pace; the cell is at equilibrium
Endocytosis active transport when a cell takes IN something via vesicles
Exocytosis active transport when a cell takes OUT something via vesicles
Diffusion passive transport where molecules move through a cell membrane without ATP or protein channels
Membrane Pump active transport where a protein uses ATP to move molecules from an area of lower concentration to higher concentration
Organic a substance containing carbon typically derived from living things
Catalyst the thing that causes something else to happen
Activation Energy the amount of energy needed for a process to happen
Protein a macromolecule composed of amino acids and chains called polypeptides; CHON
Carbohydrate a macromolecule composed of monosaccharides and chains called polysaccharides; CHO
Lipid a macromolecule composed of fats and chains called fatty acid chains; CHO
Nucleic Acid a macromolecule composed of nucleotides and make up genetic material; CHONP
Polypeptide a chain of amino acids
Denature when an enzyme breaks down because the proper conditions are not met
Enzyme proteins that help speed up chemical reactions in our bodies
Created by: user-1945987
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