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science grade 7
mr.hua's test helper thing
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| stability? | Stability depends on materials and construction techniques as well as the centre of gravity. The closer together the legs are, the less stable it becomes. Stability is also determined by whether the structure is solid, frame, or shell |
| structural components (2)? | Arches, beams, and columns are used over and over again in building design because these structural componentscan add strength. |
| centre of gravity? | When you balance something like a ruler, it is simple to find the centre of gravity, the lower the centre of gravity is on an object, the more stable the object is. |
| structural fatigue? | If you ignore the structural fatigue and place more large books in the middle of the shelf, the shelf may collapse, Structural failure is the breakdown of a structure due to the internal and external forces acting on it. |
| product recall? | Despite all of the planning that goes into new structures, sometimes flaws are not discovered until the product is sold to the public. When the flaws are serious, manufacturers use a product recall. |
| structural failure? | ignoring the structural fatigue and place more large books in the middle of the shelf, the shelf may collapse. This is structural failure. Structural failure is the breakdown of a structure due to the internal and external forces acting on it. |
| symmetry? | Symmetry is a balanced arrangement on opposite sides of a structure. |
| prototype? | A prototype is a model used to test and evaluate a design. If you are designing something really big, test a smaller prototype as much as possible before building the full-scale version. |
| Ergonomic? | Ergonomic is the science of people-structure relationships. ergonomically designed structure is easy to use. It is adjustable for different bodies. It also supports the body when in use. chairs offer extra back support so that the user avoids back pain. |
| Each structure has a f______________ and f_______________? | form, function |
| When you look closely, you will see that the structure is made up of various m_________________ that are held together with f______________________s? | When you look closely, you will see that the structure is made up of various ....... materials........that are held together with ___________ fasteners.___________? |
| Designers choose specific shapes to strengthen structures. T________________ are very strong compared to s_____________ and r______________________. This is true for both 2D and 3D shapes? | Designers choose specific shapes to strengthen structures. ____triangles____________ are very strong compared to ______squares_______ and _________rectangles_____________. This is true for both 2D and 3D shapes |
| Briefly describe how each of the following contributes to nstructural strength. (a) structural shapes (b) structural components (c) structural materials | Structural shapes, triangles, arches, are strong because (evenly), Structural components part of a structure beams, columns, and braces, that support weight, Strong materials, concrete, and wood give structure ability hold weight, not breaking or bending. |
| Use the words “structural stress,” “fatigue,” or “failure” to describe each situation below.: (a) a bend in a plastic cup? | structural stress (the bend shows that a force was applied to the cup, causing it to change shape.) |
| Use the words “structural stress,” “fatigue,” or “failure” to describe each situation below.: (b) a melted plastic cup? | structural failure, (When the plastic cup melts, it loses its shape and strength. It can’t do its job anymore) |
| Use the words “structural stress,” “fatigue,” or “failure” to describe each situation below.:(c) a hole in a plastic cup? | structural failure ( A hole means the cup can’t hold liquid anymore, so it has stopped doing its job ) |
| Use the words “structural stress,” “fatigue,” or “failure” to describe each situation below.:(e) a chip in a glass? | structural fatigue ( not stressed yet as its small and can be easily replaced ) |
| Use the words “structural stress,” “fatigue,” or “failure” to describe each situation below.:(f) pieces of shattered glass on the floor? | structural failure ( its failed to keep the glass together ) |
| 1. Describe several factors that contribute to a structure’s stability? | beams, arches, columns, are all factors that help support a structure because they are more strong than a basic rod for example. |
| 2. What is the role of symmetry in the design of structures? | symmetry's role in a structure is to provide balance to support the structure. |
| 3. (a) Explain why knowledge about the centre of gravity of structures is important to designers? | :chair, if you lean forward your centre of gravity has changed and is now more towards the side your leaning on. baby stool when a baby lans forward its constantly moving its centre of gravity which is why high chairs are made with arched legs. |
| (b) How does changing the location of the centre of gravity of a structure affect it? | the structure will then need to be able to support the shift of gravity, If the centre of gravity is low and centered, the structure is more balanced and stable. if it’s high or off to one side, the structure can tip over more easily. |
| 4. Name three structural components and explain how they contribute to a structure’s strength and stability? | beams: help support weight, truss: evenly spreads forces throughout the structure, braces: help to resist natural disasters. |
| (b) structural shapes? | Some of the strength of a structure lies in the shapes used in its design. You may have heard that the triangle is a very strong shape and is found in many structures. Squares and rectangles are not as strong as triangles. |
| (c) structural components? | Arches, beams, and columns are used over and over again in building design because these structural components can add ]strength also few are aesthetically pleasing |
| 6. Why might a designer choose a material that is not the strongest available? | maybe because its cheaper and its easier to work with |
| 7. Many structures, such as clothes, furniture, and cars, change as fashion changes. Why do you think this is? | while we progress in life we find small flaws in designs made long a go where if we add just a small detail it can create a stronger purpose or a new one. fashion changes based trends, who's to say its noy the same with cars and furniture |
| 8. Most consumers do not design, construct, and test their own bookcases. Some buy ready-to-assemble furniture; others buy furniture already assembled. What are the advantages and disadvantages of these two types of furniture? | why design when a company has already gone through the entire process? why should i waste my time? i build my furniture to ensure a good long lasting product. maybe one is cheaper than the other at the time. |
| Give examples of structural materials to explain the importance of choose appropriate materials when designing and building structures.? | tissue, beams, wood, concrete. some materials work better in cases than others. for example when building a house yo use metal, wood, and brick not paper glue and plastic! |
| How are structural stress, structural fatigue, and structural failure related? | they all have an idea where the structure is poor built, designed, and bad quality of materials. |
| What is a product recall? | sometimes, manufactures don't catch flaws until the very end. they tell the media who than put out a message to the public. the consumer can return the product for a refund or exchange. policies may vary. |
| structural components: | beam, i-beam, column, truss, cantilever, Girders, or box beams, arch, corrugated metal or corrugated cardboard. |
| Consumer? | a buyer of things, customer, easily influenced |
| Manufacturer | company or business that makes products, |
| Market Research | Before designing yet another brand of running shoes, the manufacturer has to gather and evaluate some data. This is called market research |
| Planned obsolescence | is a concept where a product is designed to have a limited lifespan, so it becomes outdated, |
| Describe each of these in your own words: Celebrity Endorsements | when a famous person appears in an ad or billboard with a product ( their getting paid for their service and name) |
| Describe each of these in your own words: Commercials | an short ad |
| Describe each of these in your own words: Billboard Ads | ads on large buildings or poles while driving or walking in a public area |
| Describe each of these in your own words: Discounts | to make an product more appealing and to remove an overstock of an certain item. |
| Describe each of these in your own words: Paid ads via social media | while people are watching their fav influencers short ads pop up while they are distracted |
| what are the 3 's? | Recycle, Reduce Reuse |
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mariam:)
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