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microbiology test
final
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Bunsen burners should be turned off when | All of the above (when you leave the lab, finish using them, or during a fire drill) |
| What should you do if you spill a chemical in the lab? | Notify the TA and follow spill response procedures |
| In the lab, food and drinks are | Not allowed under any circumstances |
| What should you do before leaving the lab? | All of the above (wash hands, turn off equipment, dispose of waste properly) |
| Where should you dispose of biohazardous sharps waste? | Biohazardous sharps container |
| After handling biohazardous materials, you should: | All of the above (wash hands, remove PPE, disinfect work surfaces) |
| What should you do if you encounter a spill that you are not trained to handle? | Notify the TA immediately |
| True or False: It is safe to handle chemicals without gloves if you are careful. | False |
| True or False: Wearing a lab coat is optional in the microbiology lab. | False |
| True or False: You should always wash your hands before leaving the lab, even if you wore gloves. | True |
| What is the correct procedure to avoid contamination when micropipetting? | Always use sterile tips and change them after each use |
| When is the only time you should depress the plunger to the second stop on your micropipette? | When expelling all of the liquid from the tip |
| Why is it important to not lay the micropipette horizontal when there is liquid in the tip? | Liquid may enter the pipette body, damaging the internal components |
| If you wanted to draw up 70 μL of liquid, which pipette would you use? | 20-200 μL |
| If tube 11 has 5 mL of methylene blue and 0 mL of distilled water, what is the predicted concentration of methylene blue in the tube? | 100% |
| The __________ stain technique is used to stain the bacterial cytoplasm | Direct |
| Anionic dyes (negatively charged) are used for what stain technique? | Indirect |
| Gram stain differentiates bacteria into two distinct categories based on structural differences in their: | Cell wall |
| What is the component in the bacterial cell wall that the stain in Gram staining adheres to? | Peptidoglycan |
| What is the structural difference between gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria? | Gram-positive bacteria have larger amounts of peptidoglycan compared to gram-negative |
| Direct bacteria counting methods are based on the number of ________ bacterial cells. | Viable |
| If bacterial cultures have a large quantity of cells we need to ____________ the sample before loading it in the hemocytometer. | Dilute |
| Colony forming units (CFU) theorem states that a single viable bacterium can grow and form a colony. | True |
| If you add 100 microliters of solute to 900 microliters of solvent what is its dilution? | 1:10 |
| What is its dilution factor? | 10 (Dilution factor = 1/D, where D = dilution) |
| What technique will be used if we need to isolate individual bacteria colonies? | Cross-streaking |
| Selective media is used to inhibit the growth in a specific microorganism population. | True |
| Differential media components highlight a certain microorganism’s metabolic capacity, such as mannitol or lactose fermentation. | True |
| Which media could inhibit the growth of gram-negative bacteria? | MSA (Mannitol Salt Agar) |
| Biochemical tests are based on the metabolism pattern of microorganisms. | True |
| The ______________________ test is known as the agar diffusion test. | Bauer-Kirby |
| What are molecules called that inhibit microbial growth or kill microorganisms? | Antibiotics |
| Antibiotic susceptible bacteria form a ______________________ around the drug disc. | Zone of Inhibition (ZOI) |
| What do the variables stand for in the therapeutic index (TI), TI = TD/ED? | Toxic dose/Effective dose |
| What has turned into a severe world health problem in the last few decades? | Rise of antibiotic-resistant bacteria |
| Bacteriophages are a type of _____________ that infect bacteria. | Virus |
| What characteristic allows viruses to be considered both living and non-living? | They can replicate only within a host cell |
| In the lytic life cycle, during which stage is the bacterium’s metabolic machinery hijacked to replicate the bacteriophage genome? | Replication |
| What method is used to measure the concentration of viruses in a sample by counting plaques? | Plaque assay |
| What is the purpose of phage typing in virology? | To identify unknown bacteria based on viral specificity |
| What are the role of primers in a PCR reaction? | To align at the ends of the target sequence for amplification |
| What is the function of Mg2+ in a PCR reaction? | It acts as an enzyme co-factor necessary for optimal enzyme function |
| Which of the following components of PCR acts as the enzyme responsible for catalyzing nucleotide polymerization? | DNA Polymerase |
| Which of the following is NOT an application of PCR? | Protein synthesis |
| What is the direction in which DNA polymerase synthesizes a new strand during PCR? | 5’ to 3’ |
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utep.biomedical.vf
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