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Cells,
AP Bio Extra Credit
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the two basic kinds of cells? | Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic |
| What are the two limits on cell size? | 1.Large cells suffer from a lowered surface area to volume ratio. 2. If the cell becomes to large there will not be enough DNA copies to control the cell |
| What two categories do transport proteins fall in? | Channel proteins and Carrier proteins |
| What is the difference between hypertonic and hypotonic? | If a solution is hypertonic to another, it means that it contains more stuff than the other solution does. If a solution is hypotonic to another than it contains less stuff than the other solution does. |
| What is the difference between haploid and diploid? | Diploid contains 2 copies of each gene in the genome. Haploid contain only one copy of each gene. |
| What are the two kinds of cells in humans? | Somatic and Gametes |
| What are the key events in mitosis? | prophase, pro-metaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase |
| What are the main differences between mitosis and meiosis | The cell divides once in mitosis, twice in meiosis. Two cells are produced in mitosis, while four are produced in meiosis. The number of chromosomes in each daughter cell are 2n in mitosis and n in meiosis. |
| What three purposes does cell replication serve? | 1. Reproduction (for unicellular organisms) 2. Growth 3. Repair |
| What is the difference between gametes and somatic cells? | Somatic cells make up over 99% of the body and each somatic cell is a diploid. Somatic cells are formed through the process of meiosis. Gametes are the other type of cell in the body. They are haploid and are made by the process of meiosis. |
| What are the key events of interphase? | G1 phase, S phase and G2 phase |
| How is mitosis regulated? | Through the cell cycle control system, which is a system of checks and balances over cell division. |
| What roles does the cytoskeleton take part in? | mechanical support, cell motility (changing shape), Cell motility (whole cell moving) and transmission of stimulus from outside of the cell |
| What are the two ways in which carbohydrates attached to the cell membrane? | Glycolipids -these are sugars bound to lipids Glycoproteins - these are sugars bound to proteins Both of these examples help identify cells to other cells in the body. |
| What is the major difference between Prokaryote cells and Eukaryote cells? | Prokaryotes don't have a nucleus, Eukaryotes do. |
Created by:
kaylhughes
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