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Rhodes Chapter 12

The Solar System

TermDefinition
solar system the Sun together with the group of celestial bodies that are held by its attraction and revolve around it
planet an object that orbits a star, is large enough to be nearly spherical in shape, and has no other large object in its orbital path
orbit the path an object follows as it moves around another object
ellipse a stretched out circle; the shape of the planets' orbits
gravity an attractive force that exists between all objects that have mass
momentum a measure of how hard it is to stop a moving object
inertia the tendency for objects in motion to resist changes to their direction and speed
geocentric model a model of the solar system with Earth at the center
heliocentric model a model of the solar system with the Sun at the center
astronomical unit the average distance from Earth to the Sun; about 150 million km
terrestrial planets the planets closest to the sun that are made of rock and metal and have solid outer layers
gas giant planets the planets farthest from the sun that have a thick gas and liquid layer covering a small, solid core
dwarf planet an object that orbits the Sun, has enough mass to form a sphere, and has objects similar in mass orbiting near it or crossing its orbital path
asteroid a small, rocky object that orbits the Sun
meteoroid a small, rocky particle that moves through space
meteor a meteoroid that has entered Earth's atmosphere, producing a streak of light
meteorite a meteoroid that strikes a planet or a moon
comet a small, rocky, icy object that orbits the Sun
Kuiper Belt a band of small celestial bodies beyond the orbit of Neptune
Oort Cloud a spherical shell of celestial bodies believed to surround the Sun far beyond the orbits of the outermost planets
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