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4120- Arthritis
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what is arthritis | a general term for conditions of joint flammation, 1+ joints |
| how many forms of arthritis exist | 100+ |
| what are the diff types of arthritis classified on | degree of joint damage, restriction of movement, functional limitation, pain |
| 3 main classifications of arthritis | osteoarthritis rheumatoid arthritis ankylosing spondylitis |
| what is the number one cause of disability | arthritis |
| how does arthritis affect social funcitoning | increased isolation, stress, depression because of pain, leads to decreased QOL |
| what is osteoarthritis | hands, feet, spine, and weight bearing joints have issues |
| secondary affect of osteoarthritis | decreased strength due to decreased movement |
| pathophysiology of osteoarthritis | constant remodeling of joint tissues in abnormal ways |
| what is periarticular atrophy | muscle atrophy around joints |
| what happens to cartilage in osteoarthritis | decreased cartilage, leads to bone on bone rubbing and inflamation, strained ligmanets, weak and pain |
| steps of osteoarthritis degradation | rough, brittle cartilage damage bone thickens to decrease load synovial swelling fluid increase ligaments thicken, bad movement decrease joint space loss of cartilage bc bone on bone weakens ligaments |
| what is rheumatoid arthritis | a chronic autoimmune form |
| which gender is RA more common in | women |
| how is RA infllamation different | systemic inflammation instead of localized to joints |
| symmetrical polyarthritis | multiple joints, both sides of the body, min 4 |
| main type of joint/issue with RA | synovial joints, synovitis |
| common comorbities/risks of RA | muscle atrophy, increased fat mass, fatigue, cv/m disease, t2d, osteoporosis |
| pathophysio of RA | immune dysfunction begins attack synovitis pannus, esp w synovial hyperplasia cartilage and bones erode joint detruction/ankylosis (stiffness) |
| two causes of synovitis | excess fluid synovial cell hyperplasia |
| what is pannus | abnormal tissue layers over joints |
| anklyosis | when the joints become stiff and narrow so movement is restricted |
| which type is more daily wear and tear | OA |
| which type is asymmetric | OA |
| which type occurs at younger ages | RA |
| which type occurs more at smaller joints | rA |
| which type has obvious inflammation | Ra |
| which type does not normally need medical treatment besides pain pills | OA |
| ankylosing spondylitis | chronic autoimmune disorder |
| which gender is AS more common in | men |
| which joints is AS more common at | spine, sacroiliac, cervical, peripheral joints |
| pathophysio of AS | autoimmune response attack lower spine ligaments become inflamed bone growths and bone spurs form IN ligaments as response vertebrae bridges/fusion lower back pain, immobility, bad posture |
| where do bone spurs form in AS | in the ligament |
| 4 steps of AS response | inflammation erosion syndesmophytes fusion |
| syndesmophytes | bony outgrowths on spinal ligaments |
| secondary effects of AS | decreased: ex tolerance strength aerobic capacity ROM biomechanic efficency proprioreception social functioning |
| 3 stages of arthritis | acute/mind chronic/moderate chronic+acute exacerbation of joint symptoms/severe |
| acute arthritis | reversible s/s @ joints, especially decrease synovitis |
| chronic/moderate arthritis | stable s/s but structural damage is irreversible |
| severe arthritis | increase pain, decreased rom and function, increased inflammation |
| s/s/ of affected arthritic joints | pain stiffness joint locking deformity synovitis creptius effusion bone spurs |
| effusion | fluid around joints |
| crepitus | popping and cracking noises |
| how can extent and severity affect testing | ROM, alignment, function, pain mays be impaired |
| functional levels can affect _____ | interventions |
| what sign can help diagnose arthritis | extra articular formations |
| common s/s that may display | redness, swelling, pain, heat around inflammed joint |
| what is the diagnostic for arthritis | there is no definitive test or marker |
| two useful screening tools for arthritis | serum/synovial tests joint imaging/mri/ultrasounds to see degradation and abnormalities |
| why would we need ex testing | may be needed for other risks assessments |
| which type has higher comorbidity (especially cv) risk | RA |
| what main symptom increases risk | inactivity |
| what should we use to form baseline for change and guide Rx | muscular skeletal and ROM testing |
| how should intensity be adjusted for rx | small increases |
| how should modes be decided | based on ability level |
| what stage should use treadmill | minimal/mild |
| what stage should use cycle ergo | mild/moderate in lower extremeties |
| what stage should use arm ergo | severe in lower extremities |
| how does ex benefit arthritic indiviuals | control progression minimize symptoms |
| 4 main arthritis treatment goals | decrease inactivity manage s/s/improve adl and qol restore/maintain body comp (some may accumate fat mass from inactivity) decrease comorbidities, symptoms, risks |
| non drug treatments for arthritis | education canes PT/OT shoe mods (orthotics) BRACES/BANDAGES ice/heat decrease weight to decrease load no reptitive motion jobs joint irrigation/surgery |
| what is joint irrigation | flush the joint to remove debris |
| common drug treatments for arthritis | nsaids, opiod pain relievers (anagesics), corticiosteroids (anti inflammatory), DMARDs |
| what are DMARDs | disease modifying artirheumatic drugs used to treat RA and ankylysing spondylosis |
| goals of ex rx with arthritis | increase physical function better body comp decreased bw decrease inflammation pain and stiffness prevent deformities and contractures |
| what is a contracture | permanent shortening and tightening of joints that causes movement to be stuck |
| what is the most physically limited clinical population | arthritis |
| 6 special considerations for arthritis | avoid high impact morning stiffness/cold Cl in water therapy footwear ankylos spondylitis posture/back brace corticosteroid degradation |
| high impact ex and arthritis | avoid it, prevent injury and may have had previous replacement |
| why underwater therapy is beneficial | increased buoyancy decreases joint pressure |
| chlorine and underwater therapy considerations | Cl can increase rashes and redness w/inflammed joints, may cause respiratory issues |
| orthotics | inserts and supports in the shoe to help w shock support and ADL pain |
| how do corticosteroids affect long term | bone loss and atrophy due to cortsiol mimicking which is bad long term |
| KAATSU study main take away | low load less joint stress but still ex. benefits blood flow restriction lead to decreased inflammation by increasing post ex bfloww to better remove and filter inflammatants |
Created by:
isabellamulet