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Health Promotion Ch1
Health Promotion Chapter 1: Health Defined: Promotion and Prevention
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Wellness- illness continuum | A dichotomy (separate in two parts) of health and illness ranging from high level wellness at the positive end to depletion of health at the negative end |
| Unitary Patterning of person- environment (1970s & 1980s) | Developmental; Conceptualized as expanding consciousness, pattern or meaning recognition; Health is an outcome of ongoing patterns of person and environment interaction thru out the lifespan; Each person is a part of a complex and interconnected system |
| Ecological Model of Health | Useful for promoting health at individual, family, community, and societal levels |
| Perspective of Health before 1940 | Health= absence of health. Government: just starting addressing public health and welfare issues |
| Perspective of Health 1940s- 1950s | Health= a person's ability to fulfill a role in society. Government: increased federal role, funding for hospital expansion and establishing federal programs |
| Perspective of Health 1960s- Present | Health= adaptation and reaction to the environment. Growing disease prevention and health promotion. Government: control spending/ rising health care cost |
| Clinical Model of Health | Health= the absence of signs and symptoms of disease. Ppl may not seek preventive health services |
| Role Performance Model of Health | Health= individuals' ability to perform social roles. "Sick Role": excuses people from performing their social functions |
| Adaptive Model of Health | Health= people's ability to adjust positively to social, mental, and physiological change |
| Eudaimonistic Model of Health | Health= exuberant well-being indicates optimal health. Interactions b/w physical, social, psychological, and spiritual aspects of life. Ppl may seek a practitioner of alternative medicine/ method |
| Health | A state of physical, mental, spiritual, and social functioning within a developmental context |
| Disease | The failure of a person's adaptive mechanisms to counteract stimuli and stresses adequately resulting in functional or structural disturbances |
| Illness | Subjective experience of the individual and the physical manifestation of disease |
| Prevention- 5 steps within 3 levels | Primary:1. Health promotion and specific protection; Secondary:2. Early diagnosis 3. Prompt treatment 4. Disability limitation; Tertiary:5. Restoration and rehabilitation |
| Primary Prevention | Precedes disease or dysfunction. Focus: Maintaining or improving the general health of individuals, families, and communities. 2 strategies: Passive or active |
| Passive Strategies | Involve the individual as an inactive participant or recipient. Ex: public health efforts to maintain clean water and sanitary sewage systems |
| Active Strategies | Depend on the individual becoming personally involved in adopting a proposed program. Ex: Lifestyle change- daily exercise as part of a physical fitness plan and a stress- management program |
| Stages of change | Precontemplative, Contemplative, Preparation, Action, Maintenance, and Relapse |
| Precontemplative | Not considering change |
| Contemplative | Aware of but not considering change soon |
| Preparation | Planning to act soon |
| Action | Has begun to make behavioral change (recent) |
| Maintenance | Continued commitment to behavior (long-term) |
| Relapse | Reverted to old behavior |
| Secondary Prevention | Screening. Goal: identify individuals in an early, detectable stage of the disease process |
| Tertiary Prevention | A defect or disability is permanent and irreversible. Minimize the effects to prevent complications and deterioration. Objective: return to useful place in society, maximize remaining capability by surveillance, maintenance and rehabilitation |
| Advocate | Helps individuals obtain what they are entitled to receive, try to make the system more responsive to ppl's needs, and help ppl learn to advocate for themselves. |
| Care Manager | Prevent duplication of services and to reduce costs |
| Consultant | Provide knowledge about health promotion and disease prevention to individuals and groups |
| Deliverer of Services | The delivery of direct services such as health education, flu shots, and counseling in health promotion |
| Educator | To teach effectively, must know essential facts about how people learn and the teaching-learning process |
| Healer | Help individuals integrate and balance the various parts of their lives |
| Researcher | Striving to understand and interpret research findings that will enhance the quality and value of individual care. |
| Quantitative Studies | Describe situations, correlate different variables related to care, or test causal relationships b/w variables related to care |
| Qualitative Studies | Define the historical nature, cultural relevance, or philosophical basis of aspects of nursing care |
Created by:
Futuredoctor09
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