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Finale
Weeks 6-12
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Neuron | A nerve cell that transmits electrical impulses |
| Synapse | The junction between two neurons where communication occurs |
| Action Potential | A rapid change in membrane potential that travels along the axon |
| Neurotransmitter | Chemical messenger that transmits signals across a synapse |
| Brain | The control center of the nervous system located within the skull |
| Spinal Cord | The cylindrical bundle of nerve fibers that connects the brain to the body |
| Cerebrum | The largest part of the brain responsible for voluntary activities |
| Cerebellum | Region of the brain that coordinates movement and balance |
| Peripheral Nerves | Nerves that branch out from the central nervous system |
| Cranial Nerves | Nerves that emerge directly from the brain |
| Spinal Nerves | Nerves that emerge from the spinal cord |
| Somatic Nervous System | Controls voluntary muscle movements |
| Sympathetic Division | Prepares the body for stressful situations |
| Parasympathetic Division | Promotes relaxation and digestion |
| Autonomic Reflex | An automatic response controlled by the autonomic nervous system |
| Receptor | A structure that detects stimuli |
| Proprioception | The sense of body position and movement |
| Nociceptors | Pain receptors that detect harmful stimuli |
| Olfaction | The sense of smell |
| Gustation | The sense of taste |
| Vision | The sense of sight |
| Feedback Loop | A mechanism to maintain homeostasis |
| Pituitary Gland | Master gland that regulates other endocrine glands |
| Thyroid Gland | Regulates metabolism |
| Adrenal Gland | Produces adrenaline and cortisol |
| Erythrocytes | Red blood cells that carry oxygen |
| Leukocytes | White blood cells involved in immunity |
| Hemoglobin | Protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen |