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unit 4

The Earth-Moon-Sun System

TermDefinition
rotation The spin of a body on its axis
day The time required for Earth to rotate once on its axis
revolution The motion of a body that travels around another body in space; one complete trip along an orbit
year The time required for the Earth to orbit once around the sun
season A division of the year that is characterized by recurring weather conditions and determined by both Earth's tilt relative to the sun and Earth's position in its orbit around the sun.
equinox The moment when the sun appears to cross the celestial equator.
solstice The point at which the sun is far north or as far south of the equator as possible.
satellite A natural or artificial body that revolves around a planet
gravity A force of attraction between objects that is due to their masses
lunar phases The difference appearances of the moon from Earth throughout the month.
eclipse An event in which the shadow of one celestial body falls on another.
umbra A shadow that blocks sunlight, such as the conical section in the shadow of the Earth or the moon
penumbra The outer part of a shadow cast by Earth or the moon in which sunlight is practically blocked.
tide The periodic rise and fall of the water level in the oceans and other large bodies of water
tidal range The difference in levels of ocean water at high tide and low tide.
spring tide A tide of increased range that occurs two times a month, at the new and full moons.
neap tide A tide of minimum range that occurs during the first and third quarters of the moon.
Created by: V.M
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